From: Dubatolov, V.V. 3. A list of the Arctiinae of the territory of the former U.S.S.R. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae). In: Dubatolov, V.V. Three contribution to the knowledge of palearctiic Arctiinae. Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, Marz 1996, Band 37, p. 39-87. (WITH SOME NEW ADDITIONS!)

 A list of the Arctiinae of the territory of the former U.S.S.R. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)

      This article includes a list of species and subspecies with the synonymy and geographic distribution, based on the collections of the Zoological Institute (St.-Petersburg, Russia), Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia), Zoological Museum of the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology (formely the Biological Institute) (Novosibirsk, Russia), Institute of Biology and Pedology (Vladivostok,  Russia), Yakutian Institute of Biology (Yakutsk, Sakha-Yakutia: Russia), Zoological Museum of the Kiev State University (Kiev, the Ukraine), Zoological Museum of the Zoological Institute (Kiev, the Ukraine), and, partly, from literature. The main faunistic reviews are: S.Alpheraky (1876, 1908) on the Taganrog region (near the Azov Sea), F.Bryk (1942) - on the Kuril Is., J.I.Budashkin (1987) - on the Crimea, H.Christoph (1877, 1884, 1887, 1889) - on the South Turkmenistan, J.A.Derzhavets et al. (1986) - on the St.-Petersburg region, E.A.Didmanidze (1978) - on Georgia in the Transcaucasia, M.A.Daritsheva, V.V.Dubatolov (1989) - on Turkmenistan, V.V.Dubatolov (1985b, 1990d) - on the mountains of South Siberia, V.V.Dubatolov (1991a) - on the southern Sakhalin and the Kunashir Is. (the Kuril Is.), V.V.Dubatolov (1994) - a distribution list of Arctiinae throughout the regions and countries of the former USSR, V.V.Dubatolov, G.S.Zolotarenko (1991)  - on the West Siberian plain, K.A.Efetov, J.I.Budashkin (1987, 1990) - on the Crimea, M.I.Falkovitsh (1969) - on Central Kazakhstan, N.Grosser (1983) - on Bashkiria, H.Inoue (1961) - on Sakhalin, J.Kaisila (1947) - on Karelia, Z.A.Konovalova (1968) - on the Kuril Is., W.Koshantschikov (1923-1925) - on the Minusinsk region in the South Siberia, A.P.Kumakov, J.P.Korshunov (1979) - on the Saratov region (the Lower Volga), I.Yu.Kostjuk, M.I. Golovushkin (1994) - on East Transbaikalia (the Chita region), V.I.Kuznetsov (1960) - on the Kopetdagh Mts. in Turkmenistan, V.I.Kuznetsov, E.F.Martynova (1954) - on the Ural river in the Western Kazakhstan, A.L.Lvovsky (1971) - on the Astrakhan region (the Lower Volga), O.I.Merzheevskaya et al. (1976) - on Belarus, S.D.Lavrov (1927) - on the Omsk region in West Siberia, S.A.Mirzoyan, Kh.M.Arutyunyan (1980) - on Armenia in the Transcaucasia, A.K.Moltrecht (1929) - on the southern Far East, H.Remm, J.Viidalepp (1986) - on Estland, S.A.Sachkov (1992): on the Samara region, K.R.Sedykh (1974) - on the Komi republic in the North-Eastern Europe, K.R. Sedykh (1979) - on Kamchatka, Kh.G.Shaposhnikov (1904) - on the North-Western Caucasus, L.A.Sheljuzhko (1941) - on the Ukraine, J.L.Stshetkin (1960) - on the South-Western Tajikistan, M.Suvortsev (1894) - on the Semipalatinsk region in the North-Eastern Kazakhstan, A.N.Tcharushina, A.I.Shernin (1974) - on the Vyatka region in the North-Eastern Europe, S.S.Tschetverikov (1993) - on the Gorkii (Nizhnii Novgorod) region (the Middle Volga), Yu.A.Tshistjakov (1992) - on Khingan Nature Reservation in the Amur Region, O.V.Shlykov (1988) - on the Penza region, A.Sulcs, J.Viidalepp (1967) - on Baltia, J.Viidalepp (1979) - on Tuva in Siberia, J.Viidalepp, H.Remm (1982) - on Sakhalin. The distribution of the Arctiinae species throughout the regions and countries of the former USSR is summurized in V.V.Dubatolov (1994). Information on the Arctiinae distribution abroad was taken mainly from the works of J.de Freina & T.Witt (1987) for Europe, Fang cheng-lai (1982) for China, H.Inoue (1982) for Japan.
     This work was partly supported by the International Science (Soros) Foundation and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. The author would like to express his gratitude to Dr.O.Kosterin for preparing photographs and for correcting English in this paper.

       Callimorphini

 Callimorpha Latreille, 1809, Genera Crust. Insect. 4: 220. (=Panaxia Tams, 1939, Entomologist 72: 73).
 1.  C. dominula (Linnaeus, 1758)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to the Southern Karelia (Kaisila, 1947), the headwaters of the Volga river, Nizhnii Novgorod, and Bashkiria; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; South Turkmenistan (Kushka). West Europe, north to the Southern England, South Scandinavia (except for the southern part of the Iberian peninsula); Turkey; Iraq; Iran.
   a. C. dominula dominula (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) I: 509 (Phalaena).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia. Central Europe.
   b. C. dominula rossica Kolenati, 1846
 Mel. Ent. fasc., 5: 95 (Callimorpha). (=Callimorpha dominula lutea Staudinger, 1861, Cat. Ed. 1: 214; =C. d. teberdina Sheljuzhko, 1934, Ent. Zeit. 48: 73-75; =C. d. swanetica Reich, 1935, Ent. Rundschau 53: 9).
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia, except for the Talysh Mts.
   c. C. dominula philippsi Bartel, 1906
 Soc. Ent. 21 (6): 41 (Callimorpha philippsi). (?=Callimorpha dominula persica Le Cerf, 1913, Ann. Hist. Nat. Paris Ent. 2: 82, t. 1, f. 10).
     Azerbaijan (the Talysh Mts.); South Turkmenistan (Kushka).

 Euplagia Hubner, [1820] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 180.
 2.  E. quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761)
     Baltia (Lithuania, Latvia); Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to the St.-Petersburg region, the Middle Volga, and the Southern Urals; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; South Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh Mts.). South  and Middle Europe, north to the Southern England (except for the North Sea and Baltic coasts); Turkey; Syria; North Iran.
   a. E. quadripunctaria quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761)
 Insecta Mus. Graec.: 89, No. 20 (Noctua). (=Phalaena hera Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat. (Edn. 12) 1 (2): 834).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; Moldova; the European Russia; the Caucasus. West Europe.
   b. E. quadripunctaria fulgida (Oberthür, 1896)
 Et. Ent. 20: 56, t. 10, f. 174 (Callimorpha hera).
     The Transcaucasia; South Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh Mts.). S. Greece; Turkey; Syria; North Iran.
 3.  E. splendidior (Tams, 1922)
 Entomologist 55: 196 (Callimorpha quadripunctaria). (=Callimorpha quadripunctaria tkatshukovi Sheljuzhko, 1935, Zeitschr. Öster. Ent. Ver. Wien 20: 21).
     South Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan: Nakhichevan). East Turkey; North Iraq; West Iran (the Zagros Mts.).

 Eucallimorpha Dubatolov, 1990, Taksonomiya nasekomykh i gelmintov. Novosibirsk: 99-100.
 4.  E. principalis (Kollar, [1844])
 In: Hugel, Kaschmir 4 (2): 465, t. 20, f. 2 (Euprepia).
     Tajikistan (the Pamirs). Afghanistan; Pakistan; India (Kashmir, the Himalaya); Nepal; China (Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunan, Tibet).
   a. E. principalis fedtschenkoi (Grum-Grshimailo, 1902)
 Ezheg. zool. Muz. 7: 197 (Callimorpha principalis).
     Tajikistan (the Pamirs).

 Cymbalophora Rambur, 1866, Cat. syst. Lepid. Andalousie (2): 231.
 5.  C. rivularis (Ménétriès, 1832)
 Cat. raison.: 263 (Chelonia).
     The Transcaucasia (Armenia, West Azerbaijan); the East Caucasus (Daghestan). Central Italy; the Balkans; Turkey; ?West Iran ("Turkey", Balaban, 70 km East of Van, 8.10.1986, leg. Moberg Hillman, in a collection of Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum, Allattara, Budapest, Hungary. I have found this locality on the map of Turkey to be in fact on the Iran territory, in 70 km east of Lake Van).

 Carcinopyga C.&R.Felder, 1874, in C.&R.Felder & Rogenhofer, Reise ost. Fregatte Novara (Zool.) 2 (Abt.2): t. 101, f. 3.
 (=Euarctia Staudinger, 1887, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 79.
 6.  C. gurkoi Kautt et Saldaitis, 1997 [CORRECTION!]
Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N.F. 18(2/3): 130-132, Abb. 12-21, SW-Abb. 10.
(=lichenigera, in Dubatolov, 1996, nec. Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874).
     Tajikistan: the Western Pamirs. North-Eastern Afghanistan.
 7.  C. proserpina (Staudinger, 1887)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 79 (Euarctia).
     Tajikistan (the Zeravshan, Hissar, and Darvaz Mts., the Pamirs); Uzbekistan: Samarkand vic. (Kautt et Saldaitis, 1997), it can be found also in Hissar Mts. East Afghanistan.
 8.  C. lindti Cerny, 1986
 Neue Entomol. Nachrichten 19 (1/2): 31.
     Uzbekistan (the West Tien Shan: the Chatkal, Karzhantau, and Pskem Mts.); Kyrghyzstan (the Chatkal, Kirghiz Alatoo Mts., Issyk-Kul: the Kungei Alatoo and Terskei Alatoo Mts.); South Kazakhstan (Zailiiskii Alatau Mts., possibly, in the Karzhantau Mts.; Dzhungarskii Alatau: Koksu) (Kautt, Saldaitis, 1997).
     Taxonomical notes. I do not agree with W.Thomas (1989) and consider C. lindti Cerny as a good species.

 Axiopoena Ménétriès, 1842, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersb. 9: 42.
 9.  A. maura (Eichwald, 1830)
 Zool. spec. 2: 196 (Bombyx). (=Axiopoena fluviatilis Swinhoe, 1885, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.: 351, t. 9, f. 7).
     The Transcaucasia: Azerbaijan (Nakhichevan: Ordubad); Turkmenistan (the Great Balkhan and Kopetdagh Mts., Badhyz: the Gezgyadyk Mts.). Iran; Afghanistan; North Pakistan.
 10. A. karelini Ménétriès, 1863
 Cat. lep. Petersb. 3: 160, t. 17, f. 5 (Axiopoena). (=Axiopoena maura transcaucasica Sheljuzhko, 1926, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 40: 58).
     The Western Caucasus (Sochi in Russia; Abkhasia);the Transcaucasia (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan: Nakhichevan). East Turkey; North Iraq.
     Note: in my revision of the genus Axiopoena Men. (Dubatolov, 1989) there is a mistake in fig 1. It must be read as follows: a - A. karelini; b - A. maura.

 Tyria Hübner, [1819] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 166. (=Hipocrita Hubner, [1806], Tentamen determinationis digestionis...: [1] (rejected name); =Euchelia Boisduval, 1828, Eur. Lepid. Index meth.: 39).
 11. T. jacobaeae (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) I: 511 (Phalaena).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Vologda and Vyatka; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (Georgia, Armenia, West Azerbaijan); West Siberia, north to Tyumen and Tomsk, east to Krasnoyarsk and Minusinsk;  North and the mountains of East Kazakhstan; the montains of the eastern Middle Asia (in South Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrghyzstan and North Tajikistan). West Europe, north to Ireland, the southern parts of Scotland and Scandinavia; Asia Minor; China (Xinjiang); North America: from the end of 50-th it was introduced into Canada (British Columbia) and the USA (Oregon, California) (Nagel, Isaacson, 1974).

 Dodia Dyar, 1901, Jl. N. Y. ent. Soc. 9: 85.
 (=Hyalocoa Hampson, 1901, Cat. Lep. Phal. Br. Mus. 3: xi, 5, 202).
 12. D. diaphana (Eversmann, 1848)
     The mountains of South Siberia from the Altai to Transbaikalia and the Stanovoi Mts.; the Amur region; the Sikhote-Alin Mts.; Central and East Yakutia; the Magadan region (the Upper Kolyma and Omolon rivers). North Mongolia (the Chovsgol region).
   a. D. diaphana diaphana (Eversmann, 1848)
 Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 21 (3): 212 (Lithosia).
     The mountains of South Siberia; the Amur region; the Sikhote-Alin Mts.; Central Yakutia. North Mongolia.
   b. D. diaphana arctica Tshistjakov, 1988
 Entomol. Obozr. 67: 641, f. 7.
     East Yakutia; the southern part of the Magadan region.
 13. D. albertae Dyar, 1901
 Jl. N. Y. ent. Soc. 9: 85.
     The mountains of South Siberia from the East Sayan Mts. to Transbaikalia and the Stanovoi Mts.; the Polar Siberia (the North Urals, the southern part of the Taimir peninsula); Yakutia; the Magadan region (the Upper Kolyma). North Mongolia; Alaska; Canada, east to Quebec.
   a. D. albertae atra (A.Bang-Haas, 1912)
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 26: 109 (Hypocrita). (=Hyperborea kozhantshikovi Sheljuzhko, 1918, Neue Beitr. syst. Insectenk. 1 (13): 104).
     The mountains of South Siberia; Yakutia; the southern part of the Magadan region. North Mongolia.
   b. D. albertae eudiopta Tshistjakov, 1988
 Entomol. Obozr. 67: 638, f. 5.
     The Polar Urals; Taimir; North-West Yakutia.
 14. D. sazonovi Dubatolov, 1990
 Chlenistonogie i gelminty. Novosibirsk: 148-149, f. 2 l.
     The Altai (Aktash).
 15. D. kononenkoi Tshistjakov et Lafontaine, 1984
     Transbaikalia (the Khamar-Daban Mts., the Chita region: the Sokhondo Mt., the Yablonovyi, and Udokan Mts.); the Sikhote-Alin Mts.; the Magadan region (the Upper Kolyma). Canada (the Yukon territory).
   a. D. kononenkoi kononenkoi Tshistjakov et Lafontaine, 1984
 Canad. Entomol. 116: 1553, f. 5, 6, 9.
     The Magadan region (the Upper Kolyma). Canada (the Yukon territory).
   b. D. kononenkoi transbaikalensis Tshistjakov, 1988
 Entomol. Obozr. 67: 634, f. 2.
     Transbaikalia.
     Note. The preservation place of the subspecies holotype was designated in the description incorrectly: in must be read as the Zoological Institute (St.-Petersburg). Now this subspecies is considered as a good species!
   c. D. kononenkoi sikhotensis Tshistjakov, 1988
 Entomol. Obozr. 67: 636, f. 3.
     Primorye (the Sikhote-Alin Mts.).

 Lacydes Walker, 1855, List Specm. lepid. Ins. Colln. Br. Mus. 3: 685.
 (=Acymba Rambur, 1866, Cat. syst. Lepid. Andalousie (2): 235; =Palparctia Spuler, 1906, Schmett. Eur. 2: 133; =Volgarctia Alpheraky, 1908, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 38: 606).
 16. L. spectabilis (Tauscher, 1806)
     The South-East Ukraine (Pljustsh, Kostjuk, 1988); the eastern part of the European Russia, north to Penza and Vyatka; the southern part of West Siberia (steppe and forest steppe belts: the Kurgan region, Karasuk in the Novosibirsk region, and the Kulunda steppe in the Altaiskii Krai); Kazakhstan; Middle Asia; the Southern Transcaucasia (Armenia). East Turkey; North Iraq; Iran; Afghanistan; China (Xinjiang); South Mongolia (a male in the collection of Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum, Allattara, Budapest, Hungary).
   a. L. spectabilis spectabilis (Tauscher, 1806)
 Mem. Soc. Nat. Univ. Imp. Mosc. 1: 212, f. (Noctua) (=Eyprepia intercissa Freyer, 1842, Neuere Beitr. Schmett. 4: 118, pl. 356; =Eyprepia incissa Freyer, 1842, ibid. 4: pl.356).
     The South-East Ukraine; the eastern part of the European Russia; West Siberia; Kazakhstan; Middle Asia, including the plane part of Turkmenistan. Afghanistan; China (Xinjiang); South Mongolia.
   b. L. spectabilis annelata (Christoph, 1887)
 Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 3: 55, t. 3, f. 2 (Arctia spectabilis). (=Volgarctia kendevani Schwingenschuss, 1937, Zeit. ost. Ent. Ver. 22: 60, t. 3, f.)
     Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh and Great Balkhan Mts.). Iran (the Elburs).
   c. L. spectabilis sheljuzhkoi Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 37: 44, 70, 74, fig. 2 (2a).
     The southern Transcaucasia (Armenia). East Turkey.

 Spiris Hübner, [1819] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 169. (=Emydia Boisduval, 1828, Eur. Lepid. Index meth.: 39).
 17. S. striata (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 502 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena grammica Linnaeus, 1758, Ibidem, 1: 822; =Euprepia funerea Eversmann, 1847, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 20 (3): 77, t. 5, f. 5; =Coscinia striata strandi Obraztsov, 1936, Festschr. E.Strand 2: 239; =Coscinia striata wisniewskii Wojtusiak et Niesolowski, 1946, Acta Mus. Hist. nat. Acad. polon., No 6: 62).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; the European Russia, north to the St.-Petersburg region (Luga) and the Upper Volga; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (Georgia, Azerbaijan); North and East Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Kurgan, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, and Central Yakutia; it is extreme rare in Transbaikalia (1  , Petrovskii Zavod in the Chita region, in the collection of the Kiev State University). South and Central Europe (except for the North Sea coast and the western and southern parts of the Iberian peninsula); Asia Minor; Syria; China (Xinjiang); West Mongolia; it is rare in Central Mongolia also.
 18. S. bipunctata (Staudinger, 1892)
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 5: 345 (Emydia striata). (=Spiris bipunctata f. nigrina Dubatolov, 1985, Chlenistonogie Sibiri i Dalnego Vostoka. Novosibirsk: 137, an aberration with unicolorous black wings).
     Siberia: southern slopes of the West Sayan Mts. (the Sayano- Shushenskii Nature Reservation) in the southern part of Krasnoyarskii Krai; Tuva; Transbaikalia; the Middle Amur. Central and Eastern Mongolia; China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Shanxi, Heilongjiang).

 Coscinia Hübner, [1819] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 169.
 19. C. cribraria (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 507 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena cribrum Linnaeus, 1761, Fauna Suecica (Edn. 2): 302; =Emydia cribrum sibirica Staudinger, 1892, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 5: 346; =Coscinia cribraria fumidaria O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid. 1: 58, t. 8, f. 3; =Coscinia cribraria nikitini O.Bang-Haas, 1938, Entomol. Zeit. 52 (22): 179).
     Baltia; Belarus; the North Ukraine; the European Russia, north to Karelia and Vyatka, south to Samara; North Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Tyumen, Tomsk, the Ob-Enisei canal (Aleksandrovskii Shlyuz, 59" N), the middle part of the Angara river, and Central Yakutia; it is rare in the Chita region and the Middle Amur. West Europe, north to the South-Eastern England and South Scandinavia (except for the south-western part of the Iberian peninsula); North Africa; North Mongolia; China (North Xinjiang, Heilongjiang).

      Epimydia Staudinger, 1892, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 5: 346.
 20. E. dialampra Staudinger, 1892
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 5: 346, t. 3, f. 2.
     The mountains of South Siberia from the south-eastern Altai and the Kuznetskii Alatau to the Chita region; Yakutsk; mountains of East Yakutia. North Mongolia. ?Tien Shan (see: Dubatolov, 1985b).

 Utetheisa Hübner, [1819] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 168. (=Deiopeia Curtis, 1827, Br. Ent. 4: 169).
 21. U. pulchella (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 534.
     The Transcaucasia; Middle Asia. Migrates north to Latvia, Belarus, Karelia, the lower part of the Kama river in Europe and Semipalatinsk in Kazakhstan. The Mediterranian, migrates north to South England and South Scandinavia; Africa; West and South Asia; not recorded in China (Fang, 1982), Korea (Witt, 1980, 1985) and Japan (Inoue, 1982).

         Arctiini

 Parasemia Hübner, [1820] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 181. (=Nemeophila Stephens, 1828, Illust. Br. Ent. (Haustellata) 2: 55, 72).
 22. P. plantaginis (Linnaeus, 1758)
 (=Nemeophila macromera Butler, 1881, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond.: 5; =Nemeophila macromera leucomera Butler, 1881, Ibidem: 5; =Nemeophila melanomera Butler, 1881, Ibidem: 5; =Parasemia plantaginis japonica Inoue et Kobayashi, 1956, Tinea 3: 138, t. 17, f. 4-6; =Parasemia plantaginis jezoensis Inoue, 1976, Bull. Fac. domest. Sci. Otsuma Wom. Univ. 12: 170, pl. 2, f. 47).
     Baltia; Belarus; the North Ukraine, mostly in the Carpathians; the European Russia, north to Murmansk and Ukhta (the Komi republic), south to Krasnodar and Saratov; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; North-East Kazakhstan (the Altai and Saur Mts.); Siberia, north to Beryozov (the lower flow of the Ob' river), the Nizhnyaja Tunguska, Vilui, and Aldan rivers; the south of the Magadan region; Kamchatka, north to the Verkhoturov Is. (about 60  N); the Amur basin; Primorye; Sakhalin; the Northern and Southern Kuril Is. West Europe (except for South Italy and South Greece); Asia Minor; North Iran (the Elburs Mts.); Mongolia; China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Shanxi, Nei Mongol, Dunbei) Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); ?Alaska; North and West Canada; the Western USA.
   a. P. plantaginis plantaginis (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 501 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena hospita [Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775, Wien Verzichn.: 316; =Parasemia plantaginis uralensis Krulikovsky, 1904, Rus. Entomol. Obozr. 4(1): 30; =P. p. carpathica Daniel, 1939, Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges. 29: 358).
     Baltia; Belarus; the North Ukraine; the European Russia; South Siberia, except for high mountains. West Europe, excluding the Balkans; Mongolia, except for high mountains.
   b. P. plantaginis caucasica (Ménétriès, 1832)
 Cat. raison.: 262 (Chelonia). (=Parasemia plantaginis passanauriensis Alberti, 1973, Atalanta 4 (6): 389).
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia. Asia Minor.
   c. P. plantaginis sifanica (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)
 Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 25: 462 (Nemeophila). (=Parasemia plantaginis altaica Seitz, 1910, Gross-Schmett. Erde 2: 81, f. 16f).
     High mountains of the Altai, Sayan and Tannu-Ola. Mongolia (high mountain areas); China (Qinghai).
   d. P. plantaginis nycticans (Ménétriès, 1859)
 Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 17: 217 (Lithosia). (=P. p. nicticans auct., nec Ménétriès, 1859; =Nemeophila plantaginis ab. melas Christoph, 1893, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 6: 88; =[P. p.] trybomi Bryk, 1942, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 56: 31, nomen nudum).
     The northern part of West Siberia; Evenkia; Yakutia; the Magadan region.
   e. P. plantaginis floccosa (Graeser, 1888)
 Berl. Entomol. Ztg. 32: 115 (Nemeophila plantaginis).
     The Middle Amur; Primorye. North-East China; Korea.
   f. P. plantaginis sachalinensis Matsumura, 1927
 J. Coll. Agr. Hokk. Imp. Univ. 19: 59.
     Sakhalin.
   g. P. p. plantaginis araitensis Matsumura, 1929
 Ins. mats. 3: 168 (Parasemia plantaginis f. araitensis). (=Parasemia plantaginis paramushira Bryk, 1942, Dtsch. ent. Zeit., Iris 56: 30; =Parasemia plantaginis kamtschadalus Bryk, 1942, Ibidem, 56:29, nomen nudum).
     Kamchatka; the Northern Kuril Is. (the Alaid (=Araito or Atlasov) and Paramushir Is.).
   h. P. plantaginis kunashirica Bryk, 1942
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 56: 29, t. 1, f. 11.
     The Southern Kuril Is. (from Urup to Kunashir).

 Hyphoraia Hübner, [1820] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 182.
 23. H. aulica (Linnaeus, 1758)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; Moldova; the European Russia, north to South Karelia and Vyatka; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (Georgia); North Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Tyumen, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Minussinsk, the middle part of the Angara river; Transbaikalia; the Amur basin; Primorye. Central Europe, west to South Belge and East France, south to Austria, Pannonia and the North Balkans; South Scandinavia; the northern part of Asia Minor; ?Mongolia, China (Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Liaonin); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido).
   a. H. aulica aulica (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 505 (Phalaena). (=Hyphoraia aulica rishiriensis Matsumura, 1927, J. Coll. Agr. Hokk. Imp. Univ. 19: 59, t. 4, f. 3).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; Moldova; the European Russia; Siberia; the south of the Far East. West Europe; ?Mongolia, China; Korea; Japan.
   b. H. aulica testidinarioides (Sovinsky, 1905)
 Rus. Entomol. Obozr. 5 (3-4): 109-110 (Arctia aulica).
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (Georgia). ?Turkey.

 Pararctia Sotavalta, 1965, Suom. hyont. Aikak. [Acta  Ent. Fenn.] 31: 173.
 24. P. lapponica (Thunberg, 1791)
     The European Russia, the polar regions only: the Kola peninsula, Mesen, the Kanin peninsula, the Pechora river (Ust-Tsilma), the Polar Urals; the Yamal peninsula; Taimir, south to Igarka; the East Sayan Mts.; the mountains of Transbaikalia, the Stanovoi Mts., Yakutia; the Magadan region; Chukotka; the Wrangel Is.; Kamchatka. The Polar Scandinavia; North America (Alaska; North-West Canada, east to Quebec).
   a. P. lapponica lapponica (Thunberg, 1791)
 Diss. ent. sistens Insecta Suecica 2: 40, f. 7 (Bombyx). (=Bombyx festiva Borkhausen, 1790, Eur. Schmett. 3: 191; =Bombyx avia Hübner, 1804, Samml. europ. Schmett. Augsb. 2: 230, 247; =Hyphoraia festiva rosea Sheljuzhko, 1929, Ent. Anz. 9: 424).
     The entire polar Eurasia; in Yakutia south to the Verkhoyanskii Mts.; Kamchatka. The mountains of the Altai (NEW RECORD!), East Sayan and Transbaikalia.
   b. P. lapponica lemniscata (Stichel, 1911)
 Berl. Ent. Ztg. 56: 99 (Arctia festiva).
     The mountains of East Yakutia (the Suntar-Khayata and Cherskii Mts.), the Vilui river.
 25. P. tundrana Tshistjakov, 1990
 Novosti sistematiki nasekomykh Dalnego Vostoka. Vladivostok: 97-98, f. 1-3.
     The Polar Ural; Yamal; Gydan; Taimir; the Polar Yakutia; ?the mountains of South Yakutia (the Stanovoi Mts.: ?Tokko); Chukotka; the northern part of Koryakia.
     Notes. The species was considered formerly as Pararctia subnebulosa (Dyar, 1899), Ent. News Philad. 10: 130 (Hyphoraia), which inhabit the Polar America: Alaska and the Yukon territory. These species differ by the the male genitalia structure (Tshistjakov, 1990).

      Borearctia Dubatolov, 1984, Entomol. Obozr. 63: 337-339.
 26. B. menetriesii (Eversmann, 1846)
 Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 19 (3): 84 (Euprepia).
     Karelia; the lower flow of the Ob' river (Oktyabrskoe); North-East Kazakhstan ("Songoria"); the Altai and Sayan Mts.; Evenkia; Yakutia; the Middle Amur; Primorye (the Sikhote-Alin Mts.); Central Sakhalin: the Poronai river (Hori, 1926). Finland. ?China: (I think that "Callimorpha principalis" of Fang cheng-lai (1984) from Heilongjiang may belong to this species).

      Acerbia Sotavalta, 1963, Suom.hyont.Aikak.29:263.
 27. A. alpina (Quensel, 1802)
 In: Acerbi, Travels through Sweden, Finland and Lapland to North Cape, 1798 & 1799 2: 253. (=Arctia thulea Dalman, 1823, Analecta Entom. Holmiae: 92; =Hyphoraia alpina sibirica O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid. 1: 70, t. 9, f. 2).
     Russia: the Polar Urals; the southern part of the Yamal peninsula; the Taimir peninsula; the Wrangel Is.; the Altai, Sayan, and Stanovoi Mts.; the mountains of East Yakutia. North- East Kazakhstan: the Altai Mts. The mountains of the polar Scandinavia (Torne Lappmark in Sweden and Lapponia enontekiensis in Finland); North Mongolia (the Chovsgol region); Alaska; North- West Canada.
 28. A. seitzi (A.Bang-Haas, 1910)
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 24: 30, t. 3, f. 17 (Arctia). (=Arctia strandi Niepelt, 1911, Int. Ent. Ztg. 5: 274; =Phragmatobia niepeltiana Strand, 1919, Lep. Cat. 22: 416; =Hyphoraia seitzi khumbeli O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid. 1: 70, t. 9, f. 4).
     The Tien Shan: the Zailiiskii (Trans-Ili) Alatau Mts. (Kazakhstan); the Kungei Alatoo Mts., Naryn (Kyrghyzstan); the Chimgan Mt. (prope Tashkent in Uzbekistan).

       Platarctia Packard, 1864, Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 3: 109.
 29. P. atropurpurea (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
     The middle part of the Yenisei river; the Altai and Sayan Mts.; Tuva; Transbaikalia; Yakutia (except for the polar part); the southern part of the Magadan region. Mongolia.
   a. P. atropurpurea atropurpurea (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepid. 1: 117 (Hyphoraia ornata). (=Arctia ornata Staudinger, 1896, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 9: 188, t.4, f. 1, 2).
     The middle part of the Yenisei river; the mountains of South Siberia; South Yakutia. Mongolia.
   b. P. atropurpurea sotavaltai Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 37: 49, 70-71, Fig. 2g.
     The mountains of East Yakutia; the southern part of the Magadan region.

       Stauropolia Skalski, 1988, Vestnik zoologii (4): 22.
 ++ S. nekrutenkoi Skalski, 1988
  Vestnik zoologii (4): 22.
     Russia: the Stavropol region (Miocene).

       Oroncus Seitz, 1910, Gross-Schmett. Erde 2: 82.
 30. O. tancrei (Staudinger, 1887)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 81 (Arctia). (=Phragmatobia urania Püngeler, 1904, Soc. Ent. 19: 121).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Inner and Central Tien Shan (Naryn, Sarydzhaz). China: Xinjiang (the East Tien Shan: a mountain area north from Korla).
 31. O. fasciata O.Bang-Haas, 1927
 Horae Macrolepid. 1: 61, t. 8, f. 17 (Oroncus tancrei).
     East Kazakhstan (the Dzhungarian Alatau Mts.).
 32. O. alaica O.Bang-Haas, 1927
 Horae Macrolepid. 1: 61, t. 8, f. 19, 20 (Oroncus tancrei).
     The Turkestan mountain range (the border between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan); the Alai (Kyrghyzstan); the Trans-Alai (Zaalaiskii Mts.), the Pamirs (Tajikistan).

       Gonerda Moore, 1879, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond.: 395.
 ??  G. perornata Moore, 1879
 Proc. zool. Soc. Lond.: 395, t. 32, f. 2.
     India (Kashmir).  In a collection of Zoological Institute
(St.-Petersburg) there is a male labelled "Przhevalsk" (now - Karakol in Kyrghyzstan); I consider this label to be a mistake.

 Arctia Schrank, 1802, Fauna Boica 2 (2): 152.
 (=Hypercompe Hübner, [1806], Tentamen determinationis digestionis...: [1] (rejected name); =Eyprepia Ochsenheimer, 1810, Schmett. Eur. 3: 299; =Euprepia Hübner, [1819] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 181; =Chelonia Godart, [1823] 1822, Hist. nat. Lepid. Papillons Fr. 4: 299; =Arctinia Eichwald, 1830, Zool. spec. 2: 195; =Callarctia Packard, 1864, Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 3: 114).
 33. A. caja (Linnaeus, 1758)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Arkhangelsk and Ukhta (the latter in the Komi republic); the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; North Kazakhstan; the mountains of the eastern Middle Asia and East Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Khanty-Mansiisk, the Ket' river in the Tomsk region, the Angara river, Central Yakutia and the Magadan region (the upper part of the Kolyma river); Kamchatka; the Amur basin; Primorye; Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Iturup to Kunashir). West Europe, (except for the polar regions, the southern part of the Iberian peninsula and Greece); Asia Minor; the north-western Iran; mountains of Afghanistan and Pakistan; Mongolia; China (Xinjiang, Henan, Nei Mongol; Hebei; Dunbei); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); North America (Canada; the USA, including Alaska).
   a. A. caja caja (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 500 (Phalaena). (=Arctia caja confluens Rebel, 1910, in: Berge, Schmett. Buch 9: 430; =Arctia caja rebeli Vnukovsky, 1929, Zool. Anzeiger 83 (9/10): 223).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; the Caucasus; North and East Kazakhstan; South Siberia, east to the Angara river. West Europe; North-West China (Xinjiang).
   b. A. caja ossetica Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 37: 50, 71, Fg. 2d.
     The Western Caucasus.
   c. A. caja wiskotti Staudinger, 1879
 Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 14: 333.
     The Transcaucasia. Asia Minor.
   d. A. caja tshimgana Sheljuzhko, 1935
 Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges. 25: 31, t. 3, f. 7.
     Uzbekistan: the West Tien Shan. Possibly also in Kazakhstan and Kyrghyzstan.
   e. A. caja pamiroalaica Stshetkin, 1982
 Izv. Akad. Nauk Tadz. SSR, Otd. biol. hauk (1): 39-43.
     The Alai-Pamirs in Tajikistan and, possible, in South Kyrghyzstan. Afghanistan.
   f. A. caja sajana O.Bang-Haas, 1927
 Horae Macrolepid. 1: 72, t. 9, f. 6.
     The East Sayan Mts.; Baikal; Transbaikalia; Yakutia (excluding the polar regions); the Magadan region. Mongolia.
   g. A. caja kamtschadalis Draudt, 1931
 In: A.Seitz, Macrolepid. World, Suppl. 2: 87, f. 7f.
     Kamchatka.
   h. A. caja phaeosoma (Butler, 1877)
 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 20: 395 (Euprepia).
     The Amur basin; Primorye; Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Iturup to Kunashir). East China; Korea; Japan.
 34. A. olschwangi Dubatolov, 1990
 Taksonomiya nasekomykh i gelmintov. Novosibirsk: 89-93, f. 1a, 2 I.
     The Polar Ural; the Yamal peninsula; Yakutia: the Lena river delta.
 35. A. flavia (Fuessly, 1779)
 Mag. f. Liebhaber d'Ent. 2: 70, t. 1, f. 11 (Phalaena (Bombyx)). (=Arctia flavia campestris Graeser, 1892, Berl. Ent. Ztg. 37: 212; =A. f. uralensis Heyne, 1899, Soc.Ent. 14: 98; =A. f. sibirica Heyne, 1899, Soc. Ent. 14: 98; =A. f. lederi O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 75, t. 9, f. 12; =A. f. baicalensis O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid. 1: 74, t. 9, f. 11).
     The North Ukraine, including the Carpathians; the European Russia east from Tver, north to Syktyvkar (the Komi republic), south to the Saratov region and Orenburg; North Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Khanty-Mansiisk, Tomsk, and the Podkamennaya Tunguska river; Central Yakutia; the Magadan region (the Upper Kolyma); the Amur basin; the Shantar Is.; Primorye. West Europe (the Alps, the Balkans peninsula: the Rila Mts.); Mongolia; China (Xinjiang, Nei Mongol, Hebei).
 36. A. rueckbeili Püngeler, 1901
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 14: 190, t. 3, f. 11.
     The Central Tien Shan in Kyrghyzstan (the Sarydzhaz river); the Turkestan Mts. at the border between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan; the Alai in Uzbekistan and Kyrghyzstan; the Alai valley in Kyrghyzstan (Dubatolov, 1987b). China (Xinjiang).
 37.  A. intercalaris (Eversmann, 1843)
     East Kazakhstan (the Dzhungarian Alatau Mts.; Trans-Ili (Zailiiskii Alatau) Mts.); the Tien Shan and Alai-Pamirs in South Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrghyzstan, and Tajikistan (excluding the south-western region). The mountains of Afghanistan and North-West Pakistan; India (from Kashmir to Kulu).
   a. A. intercalaris intercalaris (Eversmann, 1843)
 Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 16 (3): 544, t. 10, f. 1a, b (Euprepia). (=Arctia intercalaris boettcheri O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepid. 1: 72).
     The mountains of East Kazakhstan (south from Lake Zaisan); Tien Shan in South Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, and North-East Uzbekistan).
   b. A. intercalaris alpherakyi Staudinger, 1886
 Ent. Month. Mag. 22: 258. (=Arctia  intercalaris badakhshana Wiltshire, 1961, Beitr. naturk. Forsch. SW Deutschl. 19 (3): 340).
     The Alai-Pamirs Mts. in the South-Eastern Uzbekistan, South Kyrghyzstan, and Tajikistan (excluding the south-west region). Afghanistan (Badakhshan).
 ?? A. ladakensis (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolep. 1: 116 (Oroncus).
     I have seen three female specimens of this species from the Aksu river in the Central Tien Shan (China: Xinjiang) (VI 1912, Ruckbeil leg.), in the collection of the Zoological Institute (St.-Petersburg). This locality is situated near the border with Kyrghyzstan. All they are similar to the type specimen of this specis that is kept in the collection of the Zoological Museum of the Humboldt University (Berlin). These specimens have simple, not dentate antennae as in A. intercalaris (Ev.).

 Epicallia Hübner, [1820] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 182.
 38. E. villica (Linnaeus, 1758)
     South Baltia (Lithuania and Latvia); Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia north to St.-Petersburg and Vyatka; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; West Siberia (Kurgan). Central and South Europe, north to South England; North-West Africa; Asia Minor; the Near East; North-West and North Iran, east to the Shahkuh Mts.).
   a. E. villica villica (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 501 (Phalaena).
     South Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; West Siberia; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (excluding the Talysh Mts.). Central Europe.
   b. E. villica confluens (Romanoff, 1884)
 Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 1: 87, t. 4, f. 9 (Arctia villica).
     The South-East Transcaucasia (Azerbaijan: the Talysh Mts.). North Iran.

 Eucharia Hübner, [1820] 1816, Verz.bekannter Schmett.: 181. (=Ammobiota Wallengren, 1885, Skand. Heterocer-Fjarilar 2:304).
39. E. festiva (Hufnagel, 1766)
     Baltia (South Lithuania, Latvia); Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Kaluga, Sormovo in 30 km N of Nizhnii Novgorod (Tschetverikov, 1993), and the lower part of the Kama river; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; Kazakhstan; the eastern part of Middle Asia (Uzbekistan: Tashkent, the Alai); West Siberia, north to Kurgan, Omsk, Novosibirsk; the West Altai; Tuva; South Transbaikalia. Central and South Europe (except for the southern part of the Iberian peninsula, West France, the North Sea and Baltic coasts, the Alps, the north-western and southern parts of the Balkans); Asia Minor; Mongolia; China (Xinjiang, Nei Mongol; Hebei).
   a. E. festiva festiva (Hufnagel, 1766)
 Berl. Mag. 2: 416, 437 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena hebe Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat. (Edn. 12) 1 (2): 820; =Chelonia interrogationis Ménétriès, 1863, Cat. lep. Pet. 3: 147, t. 15, f. 1; =Arctia hebe sartha Staudinger, 1886, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 47: 401; =Arctia festiva nivea O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 75, t.9, f. 14, 15).
     South Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; North Kazakhstan; West Siberia. Central and South Europe; Asia Minor; West China.
     Note. The type locality of Chelonia interrogationis Men. is Kolyvan in Altaiskii Krai (the West Altai). I have seen the type specimen in the collection of Zoological Institute (St.- Petersburg) as well as other specimens from this region. All they are similar to E. festiva festiva (Hfn.) but differ from Transbaikalian, Tuvinian, Mongolian and North Chinese specimens that I consider as E. festiva collaris (Gr.-Gr.).
    b. E. festiva iliensis (Wagner, 1913)
 Int. Ent. Zeit. 7 (1): 4 (Arctia hebe). (=Arctia festiva philippsi O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 76, t. 9, f. 20; =A. f. interposita O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Ibidem, 1: 76, t.9, f. 21, 22).
     South Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan (Tashkent and the Alai Mts.).
    c. E. festiva collaris (Grum-Grshimailo, 1899)
 Ezegod. Zool. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 4: 462 (Arctia hebe). (=Chelonia culoti Oberthür, 1912, Ét. lép. comp. 6: 322-323, t. 116, f. 10-28).
     Tuva; South Transbaikalia. Mongolia; China (Nei Mongol, Hebei).

 Pericallia Hübner, [1820] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 182.
 (=Pleretes Lederer, 1853, Verh. zool.-bot. Ver. Wien 2 (Abh.): 77).
 40. P. matronula (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 509 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena matrona Hübner, [1803], Eur. Schmett. 2: f. 238, 239; =Pericallia matronula centralasiae O.Schultz, 1905, Ent. Zeit. 18: nr 31; =Pleretes matronula agassizi Spuler, 1906, Schmett. Eur. 2: 140; =Pericallia matronula amurensis Sheljuzhko, 1926, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 40: 56; =P. m. sachalinensis Draudt, 1931, in: A.Seitz, Macrolep. World, Suppl. 2: 84, f. 7).
     Baltia; Belarus; the North and Central Ukraine (including the Carpathians); Moldova; the European Russia, north to St.- Petersburg, the Upper Volga, and the lower Kama rivers, south to Saratov; North Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Tobolsk (Sitnikov, 1992), the Chulym river (the Tomsk region), the middle part of the Angara river, Irkutsk, and Transbaikalia; the Middle Amur; Primorye; Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (Kunashir). Central Europe (East France, South and Central Germany, the Alps, East Europe from Central Poland south to Hungary and Romania: in the Carpathians); North Mongolia; China (Dunbei, Hebei), Korea, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu).

         Micrarctiini

 Divarctia Dubatolov, 1990, Regkie gelminty, klestshi i nasekomye. Novosibirsk: 84.
 41. D. diva (Staudinger, 1887)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 84 (Ocnogyna). (=Arctia haberhaueri Alpheraky, 1888, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 49: 67).
     The mountains of Middle Asia: South-West Kyrghyzstan (the Ferghanian mountain range); Uzbekistan (the West Tien Shan: the Chatkal, Pskem, and Karzhantau Mts.; the Alai-Pamirs: the Turkestan, Zeravshan, and Hissar Mts.); Tajikistan (the Turkestan, ?Hissar, Vakhsh, Peter-the-Great, and Khozratishokh mountain ranges).

       Tancrea Püngeler, 1898, Soc.Ent. 13: 57.
 42. T. pardalina Püngeler, 1898
 Soc. Ent. 13: 57.
     Kazakstan: deserts of the Ili river basin; Turkmenistan: the Kara-kum desert (Dubatolov, 1991b). China (Xinjiang: the Ili and Kungesse rivers).

 Holoarctia Ferguson, 1984, Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 86 (2): 452-454.
 43. H. cervini (Fallou, 1864)
 Ann. Soc. Ent. France 4 (4): 23, t. 1, f. 2 (Nemeophila).
     The Khibiny Mts. (the Kola peninsula); the South Urals, the Altai, East Sayan, Khamar-Daban, and Stanovoi Mts.; the mountains of East Yakutia (the Verchoyanskii mountain range); Kamchatka (the Ichinskaya Sopka Mt.); Chukotka. West Europe: the Alps; the mountains of polar Scandinavia (Torne Lappmark in Sweden); North-West Mongolia; North Korea (Koda, 1988: as "Hyperborea czekanowskii"); Alaska. Canada: Alberta (ssp. sordida McDunnough, 1921, Canad. entomol. 53: 167).
   a. H. cervini fridolini (Torstenius, 1971)
 Entomol. Ts. Arg. 92 (3-4): 173-177, f. 1, 2 (Orodemnias cervini).
     The Khibiny Mts.; the South Urals; the Verkhoyanskii Mts.; Chukotka; ?Kamchatka. Polar Scandinavia; Alaska.
   b. H. cervini perunovi Dubatolov, 1990
 Chlenistonogie i gelminty. Novosibirsk: 152.
     The Altai. North-West Mongolia.
   c. H. cervini puengeleri (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 60, t. 8, f. 14 (Orodemnias).
     The East Sayan, Khamar-Daban, Stanovoi Mts. (There is a female in the V.A.Ganson (Moscow) collection, which is labelled "Okhotskoe Sea").
 44. H. marinae Dubatolov, 1985 (January)
 Chlenistonogie Sibiri i Dalnego Vostoka. Novosibirsk: 152, fig. 2v, 3b; 1985 (December), Ann. Ent. Fenn. 51 (2): 57 (the holotype below, nec abowe!).
     The Altai (the Terektinskii and Kuraiskii Ranges).

 Palearctia Ferguson, 1984, Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 86 (2): 454-456.
 45. P. mira Dubatolov et Tshistjakov, 1989
 Zool. Zhurnal 68 (11): 141, f. 1a, b, 2.
     Russia: the south-eastern part of the Altai (the Kuraiskii Range).
 46. P. glaphyra (Eversmann, 1843)
     Mountains of East Kazakhstan: "Lake Zaisan", the Dzhungarian Aatau, the Trans-Ili (Zailiiskii) Alatau mountain ranges; Kyrghyzstan: the Kirghiz Alatoo, Kungei Alatoo, and Terskei Alatoo Mts.; the Central Tien Shan, west to Naryn and the Dolon pass. China (Xinjiang: the East Tien Shan, the Kuruktag Mts., ?Khotan).
   a. E. glaphyra glaphyra (Eversmann, 1843)
 Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 16 (3): 544, t. 10, f. 4 (Euprepia).
     East Kazakhstan, from Lake Zaisan to the Dzhungarian Alatau, including the Tyshkantau.
   b. P. glaphyra dublitzkyi (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 63, t. 8, f. 29, 30 (Micrarctia glaphyra).
     Kazhakstan: the Trans-Ili (Zailijskii) Alatau Mts.; Kyrghyzstan: the Kungei Alatoo, ?Kirghizskii Alatoo mountain ranges.
   c. P. glaphyra aksuensis (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 63, t. 8, f. 26, 27 (Micrarctia glaphyra). (=Micrarctia glaphyra naryna O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 63, t. 8, f. 28).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Central Tien Shan, south from the Terskei Alatoo mountain range and east from Naryn. China (Xinjiang: the Aksu region).
 47. P. wagneri (Pungeler, 1918)
 Z. Ostr. Ent. Ver. 3: 46, textfig. (Arctia).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Central Tien Shan (the Sarydzhaz region).
 48. P. golbecki Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 19, Fig. 10a, b, Fig. 3g (genitalia).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Kirghiz Alatoo mountain range.
49. P. gratiosa (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
     Uzbekistan: the West Tien Shan (the Chatkal mountain range), the Alai-Pamirs (the Turkestan and Zeravshan mountain ranges); Kyrghyzstan: the Chatkal, Kirghiz Alatoo, Terskei Alatoo, and Alai Mts.; Tajikistan: the Turkestan, Hissar, Peter-the-Great, and Trans-Alai mountain ranges, the Pamirs). Afghanistan (Karakorum); India (Kashmir). West China (fig. 1565 with "Micrarctia glaphyra (Eversmann)" of Fang, 1982).
   a. P. gratiosa caroli Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 24, Fig. 9a, c, 4f (genitalia).
     Uzbekistan: the Chatkal Mts.; Kyrghyzstan: the Chatkal and Kirghizskii Alatoo Mts.
   b. P. gratiosa sergei Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 24, Fig. 8h, 4g (genitalia).
     Kyrghyzstan: the south-eastern part of the Terskei Alatoo mountain range.
   c. P. gratiosa gratiosa (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
 Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 4: 533, t. 19, f. 5 (Arctia glaphyra).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Alai; Tajikistan: the Alai and Peter-the- Great mountain ranges, North-West Pamirs.
   d. P. gratiosa flavoala Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 25, Fig. 9e-g, 4j (genitalia).
     Uzbekistan: the Zeravshan and Turkestan mountain ranges; Tajikistan: the Zeravshan, Turkestan, and Hissar mountain ranges.
   e. P. gratiosa rupicola (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890)
 Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 4: 535, t. 19, f. 6 (Arctia). (=Arctia glauca Staudinger, 1892, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 4: 251, t. 3, f. 6).
     Kyrghyzstan: the eastern part of the Trans-Alai; Tajikistan: the east part of the Transalai mountain range, East and South-West Pamirs.
 50. P. erschoffii (Alpherakyi, 1882)
     Uzbekistan?: the Chatkal Mts.; Kyrghyzstan: the Chatkal, Sussamyr, Kirghizskii Alatoo, Kungei Alatoo, and Terskei Alatoo mountain ranges, the Inner Tien Shan (Naryn), the Central Tien Shan (Sarydzhaz); Kazakhstan: the Trans-Ili (Zailijskii) Alatau, ?Kungei Alatau mountain ranges. China (Xinjiang): the East Tien Shan (Julduz).
   a. P. erschoffii erschoffii (Alpheraky, 1882)
 Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 17: 29, t. 1, f. 33 (Arctia). (=Arctia erschoffi issyka Staudinger, 1887, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 82).
     The entire Tien Shan within Uzbekistan, Kyrghyzstan, Kazakhstan, and China, except for the Naryn region in Kyrghyzstan.
   b. P. erschoffii selmonsi (Böttcher, 1905)
 Ent. Zeit. 19: 62, f. 18-21 (Arctia erschoffi).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Inner Tien Shan (the Naryn region).
 51. P. ferghana (Staudinger, 1887)
     Kyrghyzstan: the Alai, Sussamyr Mts.; Tajikistan: Turkestan mountain range, ?the Pamirs. Tien Shan (the unknown locality). Afghanistan (the Anjuman pass), ?Nepal.
   a. P. ferghana schottlaenderi (Strand, 1912)
 Intern. Ent. Zeit. (Güben) 6: 2 (Arctia).
     The Tien Shan (an unknown locality).
   b. P. ferghana sussamyra Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 30, Fig. 10k, 6g (genitalia).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Sussamyr Mts.
   c. P. ferghana ferghana (Staudinger, 1887)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 82 (Arctia erschoffi).
     Kyrghyzstan: the Alai Mts.
   d. P. ferghana turkestana Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 30, Fig. 7h, 6h (genitalia).
     Tajikistan: the Turkestan mountain range.
   ?  P. ferghana variabilis (Daniel, 1966)
 Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 56 (7): 161, t. 3, f. 4-16 (Micrarctia).
     It can be found in the Pamirs within Tajikistan.
 52. P. gracilis Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 31-32, Fig. 10g-h, 6j (genitalia).
     Uzbekistan and  Kyrghyzstan: the West Tien Shan (the Chatkal Mts.).

 Centrarctia Dubatolov, 1990, Chlenistonogie i gelminty. Novosibirsk: 157.
 53. C. mongolica (Alpheraky, 1888)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 49: 67 (Arctia).
     Southern Tuva (the Ubsu-nur hollow). Mongolia; China (Nei Mongol).

 Sibirarctia Dubatolov, 1987, Nasekomye, klestshi i gelminty. Novisibirsk:36-40.
 54. S. kindermanni (Staudinger, 1867)
     The South Urals; Omsk; Novosibirsk; Krasnoyarsk; the Altai; Khakasia; the southern banks of Lake Baikal; Transbaikalia; the Middle Amur; South Primorye. Mongolia; China (Qinghai, Shanxi, Heilongjiang; Liaonin).
   a. S. kindermanni kindermanni (Staudinger, 1867)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 28: 102-103 (Arctia).
     The South Urals; South-West Siberia east to the Yenisei river.
   b. S. kindermanni pomona (Staudinger, 1897)
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 10: 326, t. 9, f. 23 (Arctia kindermanni). (=Micrarctia kindermanni roseni O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 65, t. 8, f. 40).
     The southern banks of Lake Baikal; Transbaikalia; the Upper Amur. Mongolia.
   c. S. kindermanni pretiosa (Staudinger, 1887)
 Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 3: 65, t. 8, f. 40 (Arctia kindermanni). (=Micrarctia kindermanni ussuriensis O.Bang- Haas, 1927, Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 65, t. 8, f. 42).
     The Middle Amur; Primorye. China (Heilongjiang).
 55. S. buraetica (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
     The south-eastern part of the Altai; Tuva; the East Sayan Mts.; Baikal; Transbaikalia; Central Yakutia; the mountains of East Yakutia. North and Central Mongolia.
   a. S. buraetica buraetica (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 64, t. 8, f. 35, 36 (Micrarctia). (=Micrarctia buraetica elwesi O.Bang-Haas, 1927, Ibidem, 1: 64, t. 8, f. 38).
     The south-eastern part of the Altai; Tuva; Baikal; Transbaikalia; Central Yakutia. Mongolia.
   b. S. buraetica validus (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 64, t. 8, f. 37 (Micrarctia buraetica).
     The south-western Transbaikalia (the Kyakhta district in Buryatia).
   c. S. buraetica chajataensis Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 58, 71, Fig. 2j; [1997] 1991, Entomologicheskie issledovaniya na Severo-Vostoke SSSR 2: ??.
     Mountains of East Yakutia (the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, the Oimyakon region).

 Chelis Rambur, 1866, Cat. syst. Lepid. Andalousie (2): 256.
 (=Cletis Kirby, 1892, Synonymic Cat. Lepid. Heteroc. 1: 263).
 56. Ch. maculosa (Gerning, 1780)
 Frankf. Beitrag. Wiss. 2: 862, t. 2, f. 1-3 (Phalaena).
     The Ukraine; the Crimea; the European Russia: the Don and Volga rivers, north to the lower part of the Kama river; the South Urals; North Kazakhstan; South-West Siberia (Karasuk). West Europe: Central Spain, Central and Southern France, Central and Southern Germany, Austria, Hungary; South Poland; the northern and south-eastern parts of the Balkans (Macedonia, Bulgaria, West Turkey); China (Xinjiang).
   a. Ch. maculosa mannerheimi (Duponchel, 1836)
 Hist. nat. Lep. France, Suppl. 3: 49, t. 4, f. 2 (Chelonia).
     The Ukraine; the Crimea; the southern part of the European Russia; North Kazakhstan; South-West Siberia. China (Xinjiang).
 57. Ch. caecilia (Kindermann in Lederer, 1853)
 Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 3: 364 (Arctia maculosa). (=Cletis maculosa insularia W.Koshantschikov, 1924, Ezhegod. Gos. Muz. im. Martjanova 2 (1): 69, according to good redescription of "Arctia maculosa var. caecilia Kinderm. in litt." in: Staudinger, 1867, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 28: 105-106).
     North-East Kazakhstan: the Altai Mts.; Russia: the Altai Mts.; Khakasia, West Buryatia. Mongolia.
 58. Ch. reticulata (Christoph, 1887)
     The Caucasus (Teberda; South Daghestan); the Transcaucasia; Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh Mts.). Asia Minor; Syria; North Lebanon; North Iran.
   a. Ch. reticulata reticulata (Christoph, 1887)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 163 (Arctia maculosa).
     Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh Mts.).
   b. Ch. reticulata transcaucasica Dubatolov, 1988
 Taksonomiya zhivotnykh Sibiri. Novosibirsk: 92, f. 2d.
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia.
 59. Ch. ferghana Dubatolov, 1988
 Taksonomiya zhivotnykh Sibiri. Novosibirsk: 92, f. 1n, 2e.
     The West Tien Shan: Uzbekistan (the Chatkal Mts., the Chimgan Mt.); Kazakhstan (the Talas Alatau Mts. in the Aksu- Dzhebagly Nature Reservation); Kyrghyzstan: (the Chatkal Mts., east to Toktogul).
 60. Ch. thianshana Dubatolov, 1988
 Taksonomiya zhivotnykh Sibiri. Novosibirsk: 93, f. 1kl, 2g.
     Kyrghyzstan: the Kirghiz Alatoo, Sussamyr, and Terskei Alatoo mountain ranges, the Inner Tien Shan; Kazakhstan: Trans-Ili (Zailijskii) Alatau, Dzhungarian Alatau, and Tarbagatai mountain ranges. China (Xinjiang: the East Tien Shan).
 61. Ch. dahurica (Boisduval, 1832)
 Icones hist. Lep. 2: 126, t. 60, f. 1 (Chelonia). (=Arctia gruneri Staudinger, 1867, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 28: 104; =Arctia maculosa sojota Tschetverikov, 1904, Rus. Entomol. Obozr. 4 (2-3): 79).
     The South Urals; South-West Siberia (the Kurgan and Omsk regions; the Novosibirsk region: Lake Chany; Barnaul); North-East Kazakhstan (the Altai and Saur Mts.); the mountains of South Siberia: the Altai, Khakasia, Tuva, the Sayan Mts., west and south of the Irkutsk region, and Transbaikalia; ?the south-western part of the Primorye territory (Pogranichnyi (Grodekovo)). North and Central Mongolia.
     Note. Phragmatobia maculosa ab. 5. strigulosa (Stgr. ined.), Hampson, 1901, Cat. Lep. Phal. Br. Mus. 3: 236 was established with a poor diagnosis: "Fore wing with the black spots larger, the veins more clearly streaked" and without the designation of the type locality. So, I consider it is impossible to use this name (Dubatolov, 1988).

 Grammia Rambur, 1866, Cat. syst. Lepid. Andalousie (2): 261.
 (=Orodemnias Wallengren, 1885, Skand. Heterocer-Fjarilar 2 (3): 315).
 62. G. quenseli (Paykull, 1793)
     The Kola peninsula; the Polar Urals; North-East Kazakhstan (the Saur Mts.); the Altai; Tuva; the East Sayan Mts.; Transbaikalia; the middle part of the Amur basin; the northern part of the Khabarovsk region, Yakutia; the Magadan region; the Wrangel Is.; Kamchatka. The Alps; the Carpathians (the Transsylvanian Alps); Polar Scandinavia (Tromso, Finmark, Lule Lappmark, Torne Lapmark, Lapponia kemensis, Lapponia enontekiensis); North Mongolia (the Chovsgol aimak); Japan (Hokkaido: the Daisetsu Mt.); the polar regions and mountains of North America: from Labrador throughout the North-West and Yukon territories to Alaska, south to Manitoba and Quebec.
   a. G. quenseli quenseli (Paykull, 1793)
 Skr. Naturh.-Selsk. Kiobenhavn 2 (2): 99, f. (Bombyx).
     The Kola peninsula; the Polar Urals; the Wrangel Is.; the Saur Mts. (Kazakstan). Polar Scandinavia.
   b. G. quenseli liturata (Ménétriès, 1859)
 Bull. Acad. ph.-mat. St. Pet. 17: 500 (Chelonia quenseli). (=Orodemnias quenselii daisetsuzana Matsumura, 1927, Ins. matsumur. 1: 110, 113).
     The East Altai; Tuva; the East Sayan Mts.; Transbaikalia; the Middle Amur; the northern part of the Khabarovsk region (the Khaikan river, the left tributary of the upper Uchur, is the type locality of this subspecies); Yakutia; the Magadan region; Kamchatka. North Mongolia; Japan (Hokkaido).
 63. G. philippiana Ferguson, 1985
 Entomography. Ann. Rev. Biosystematics. Sacramento, 3: 229- 230, fig. 53-54.
     The Wrangel Is. Alaska.
   a. G. philippiana olga Dubatolov, 1990, stat rev.
 Redkie gelminty, klestshi i nasekomye. Novosibirsk: 79, f. 1a, 2a (G. olga).
     The Wrangel Is.
 64. G. obliterata (Stretch, 1885)
Entomologica Americana 1: 105.
     Khakasia; the East Sayan Mts.; the southern part of the Baikal region; Transbaikalia; the middle part of the Amur basin; Central Yakutia. Mongolia; Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, the North-West territories).
   a. G. o. turbans (Chrisoph, 1892)
 Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 26: 460 (Arctia).
     Khakasia; the East Sayan Mts.; the southern part of the Baikal region; Transbaikalia; the middle part of the Amur basin; Central Yakutia. Mongolia.

 Hyperborea Grum-Grshimailo, [1900] 1899, Ezhegod. zool. Muz. Imp. Acad. Nauk 4: 464.
 65. H. czekanowskii Grum-Grshimailo, [1990] 1899
 Ezhegod. zool. Muz. Imp. Acad. Nauk 4: 464.
     Evenkia (the Nizhnyaya Tunguska river); North Yakutia (the Olenek and Yana rivers, the Suntar-Khayata mountain range, the Oimyakon region); the Kolyma river; Koryakia; Chukotka; the Wrangel Is.; Kamchatka; the Stanovoi mountain range; the northern part of the Chita region (the Udokan mountain range). Alaska.

 Diacrisia Hübner, [1819] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 169.
 66. D. sannio (Linnaeus, 1758)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Karelia, the Arkhangelsk region, and Ukhta (the Komi republic); the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (east to West Azerbaijan); North Kazakhstan; mountains of East Kazakhstan, North Uzbekistan and Kyrghyzstan (south to the Alai valley); South Siberia, north to Oktyabr'skoe (the lower flow of the Ob' river), the Ket' river (the Tomsk region), and the Angara river; Transbaikalia; Central Yakutia. West Europe, north to Middle Scandinavia (except for the south-western part of the Iberian peninsula, Greece, and West Turkey); North-East Turkey; West China; Mongolia.
   a. D. sannio sannio (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 506 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena russula Linnaeus, 1758, Ibidem, 1: 510; =Phalaena vulpinaria Linnaeus, 1758, Ibidem, 1: 520; =Nemeophila russula pallida Staudinger, 1892, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 5: 347).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; Kazakhstan; Siberia. Western Europe; Mongolia.
   b. D. sannio caucasica Schaposchnikoff, 1904
 Ezhegod. Zool. Mus. Imp. Akad. Nauk 9: 253. (=Diacrisia sannio caucasiana Strand, 1919, Lep. Catal. 22: 416).
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia. North-East Turkey.
   c. D. sannio mortua (Staudinger, 1887)
 Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 78 (Nemeophila russula). (=Diacrisia sannio uniformis A.Bang-Haas, 1907, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 20: 69; =D. s. syrdarja Strand, 1919, Lep. Catal. 22: 416).
     The mountains of Middle Asia (within North Uzbekistan, Kyrghyzstan, and South Kazakhstan).
 67. D. irene Butler, 1881
 Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond.: 6. (=Diacrisia russula amuri Staudinger, 1892, Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 6: 277; =Diacrisia sannio rubrocentralis Bryk, 1948, Akk. Zool. 41A (1): 44; =Diacrisia sannio rishiriensis Matsumura, 1930, Ins.matsumur. 5: 35, t. 1, f. 2).
     The middle part of the Amur basin; Primorye, Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (Kunashir). East China; Korea; Japan (Rishiri, Hokkaido, Honshu).

 Rhyparioides Butler, 1877, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20: 395.
 68. R. nebulosa Butler, 1877
 Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20: 396. (=Rhyparioides simplicior Butler, 1881, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond.: 6).
     South Primorye; the Southern Kuril Is. (Kunashir). China (Dunbei, Nei Mongol); ?Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu).
 69. R. amurensis (Bremer, 1861)
 Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 3: 477 (Chelonia rubescens).
     The middle part of the Amur basin; Primorye; the Southern Kuril Is. (Kunashir). China (Dunbei, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Fujiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunan); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu).
 70. R. metelkana (Lederer, 1861)
 Wien. entomol. Monatschr. 5 (5): 162, t. 3, f. 12 (Nemeophila). (=Chelonia flavida Bremer, 1861, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 3: 477).
     The South Ukraine (the Kherson region); Russia: the Azov sea (Taganrog); Daghestan (Derbent); the Volga delta near Astrakhan (K nig, 1985); South-West Siberia: Karasuk (Dubatolov, 1985c); the middle part of the Amur basin; Primorye; ?the Shantar Is. Local in West Europe (South-West and North France, South Belge, Germany: the Berlin region, South Slovakia, Hungary, West Romania and the Duna delta); China (Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Nei Mongol); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima, Yaku, Okinawa).

 Rhyparia Hübner, [1820] 1816, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 183.
 71. R. purpurata (Linnaeus, 1758)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Karelia, the Upper Volga, and Vyatka; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; North Kazakhstan; mountains of East Kazakhstan; North Kyrghyzstan, including the territory around Lake Issyk-kul; South Siberia, north to Khanty-Mansiisk, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk, and the Angara river; the Baikal area; Transbaikalia; the Amur basin; Primorye. West Europe, north to Southern Scandinavia (except for the North Sea coast, North France, the central and south parts of the Iberian peninsula and South Greece); Asia Minor; Syria; Mongolia; China (Xinjiang, Jilin, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang); Korea; Japan (Honshu).
   a. R. purpurata purpurata (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 505 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena purpurea Linnaeus, 1767, Syst. Nat. (Edn. 12) 1 (2): 828; =Rhyparia purpurata uralensis Spuler, 1906, Schmett. Europ. 2: 131; =Rhyparia purpurata barteli Krulikowskii, 1909, Materialy k poznaniyu fauny i flory Ross. Imp. Otd. Zool. 9: 172).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; Kazakhstan; North Kyrghyzstan; Siberia. West Europe; Asia Minor; Mongolia.
   b. R. purpurata caucasica (Alpheraky, 1867)
 Horae soc. Ent. Ross. 10: 14 (Arctia).
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia. ?Turkey.
   c. R. purpurata gerda Warnecke, 1918
 Int. Entomol. Zeit. 12: 81.
     The middle part of the Amur basin; Primorye. East Mongolia; North-East China; Korea; Japan.

 Amurrhyparia Dubatolov, 1985, Sistematika i biologija tshlenistonogikh i gelmintov. Novosibirsk: 66-68.
 72. A. leopardinula (Strand, 1919)
 Lep. Catal. 22: 185 (Diacrisia). (=Chelonia leopardina Ménétriès, 1859, Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 17: 218; =Diacrisia leopardinula mandschurica O.Bang-Haas, 1936, Entomol. Zeit. & Int. Ent. Zeit. 50 (30): 348).
     South-East Transbaikalia; the middle part of the Amur basin; Primorye. China (Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan).

         Spilosomini

 Ocnogyna Lederer, 1853, Verh. zool.-bot. Ver. Wien 2 (Abh.): 78. (=Somatrichia Kirby, 1892, Synonymic Cat. Lepid. Heterocera 1: 274; =Trichosoma Rambur, 1832, Annls ent. Soc. Fr. (1) 1: 272).
 73. O. parasita (Hübner, [1790])
     Moldova; the Crimea; the Lower Volga; ?the Caucasus (?Abkhasia), ?Armenia. Local in West Europe: South-East France, the Alps, Central Europe from South Slovakia to the North Balkans; the Zakinthos Is. (Greece); Asia Minor; ?Iraq.
   a. O. parasita parasita (Hübner, [1790])
 Beitr. Gesch. Schmett. 2 (2): 42, t. 2, f. I (Phalaena).
     Moldova, the Crimea. The Alps and Central Europe.
   b. O. parasita rothschildi A.Bang-Haas, 1912
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 26: 108, t. 6, f. 3 (Ocnogyna rothschildi).
     The Lower Volga (the Samara region).
 74. O. armena Staudinger, 1871
     Daghestan; the East Transcaucasia (Armenia; Azerbaijan); Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh Mts., the Badhyz); South Uzbekistan: the Kashkadarinskaya region (Stshetkin, 1975; Tilavov, 1978); South-West Tajikistan (Stshetkin, 1975). ?East Turkey; ?Iraq; Iran; North Afghanistan.
   a. O. armena armena Staudinger, 1871
 Cat. Lepidop. Europ. faunengeb. (Edn. 2): 59 (Ocnogyna loewii armena).
     The East Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan). ?East Turkey.
   b. O. armena daghestana Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 63, 71, Fig. 2i, 1d.
     The East Caucasus (Daghestan).
   b. O. armena pallidior Christoph, 1884
 Mém. Lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 1: 109, t. 7, f. 1ab (Ocnogyna loewii pallidior).
     Turkmenistan (the Kopetdagh Mts., the Badhyz); South Uzbekistan; South-West Tajikistan. N.Iran; Afghanistan.
     Note. According to the male genitalia structure, Ocnogyna loewii (Zeller, 1846), Entomol. Zeit. 7: 9-11 (Trichosoma) (=Trichosoma clathrata Lederer, 1855, Verh. zool.- bot. Ges. Wien 5: 202, t. 2, f. 7) from Asia Minor (the Taurus Mts.) and the Near East differs well from O. armena Stgr., including O. a. pallidior Chr. The uncus of the former species is gradually tapering to the top, the apex is not wider than 0.1 mm; the latter species has the uncus forming a short and wide processus at the top, 0.2 mm wide or wider, its top is blunt. O. cypriaca O.Bang-Haas, 1934, Ent. Zeit. 48: 48 (Ocnogyna loewii cypriaca) from Cyprus Is.  is a good species, differing better from the both mentioned species by the presence of many cornuti on aedeagus vesica and a differing structure of the valvae.

 Tajigyna Dubatolov, 1990, Redkie gelminty, klestshi i nasekomye. Novosibirsk: 82-83.
 75. T. gansoni Dubatolov, 1990
 Redkie gelminty, klestshi i nasekomye. Novosibirsk: 83-84, f. 1b, 2g.
     Tajikistan (the Peter-the-Great mountain range near Komsomolabad).

 Watsonarctia De Freina et Witt, 1984 (November), Entomofauna. Zeit. f. Entomol. 5 (28): 324.
 (=Eurachia Dubatolov, 1985 (January), Chlenistonogie Sibiri i Dalnego Vostoka. Novosibirsk: 147; =Eucastana Leraut, 1985, Linneana belg. 10: 43).
 76. W. deserta (Bartel, 1902)
     The North and Central Ukraine; the European Russia: the Penza, Simbirsk (=Ul'yanovsk), and Samara regions; Bashkiria; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; North Kazakhstan; the mountains of East Kazakhstan; South Siberia: the Barnaul region, the Altai, Khakasia, Minusinsk; the middle part of the Angara river; Irkutsk. Central and South Europe (except for the western and central parts of the Iberian peninsula, the Alps; the Adriatic coast and Greece); Asia Minor; North Mongolia; China (Xinjiang).
   a. W. deserta deserta (Bartel, 1902)
 Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 15: 226-227 (Arctia casta). (=Bombyx casta Esper, 1784, Schmett. in Abbildungen nach der Natur Erlanger 3: 177, t. 33, f. 2; =Phragmatobia esperi Koçak, 1980, Comm. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ankara, C, 24 (2): 10; =Eucharia casta sibirica W.Koshantschikov, 1924, Ezhegod. Gos. Muz. im. Martjanova 2 (1): 68).
     The Ukraine, the south part of the European Russia; the Caucasus; North-West Kazakhstan; South Siberia. West Europe; North Mongolia.
    b. W. deserta karduchena (De Freina, 1983)
 Mitt. M nch. ent. Ges. 72: 105, Ab. 20 (Eucharia deserta).
     The Transcaucasia. East Turkey.
    c. W. deserta centralasiae (O.Bang-Haas, 1927)
 Horae Macrolepidop. 1: 59, t. 8, f. 9 (Eucharia casta).
     Mountains of East Kazakhstan. China (Xinjiang: East Tien Shan).

 Chionarctia Kôda, 1988, Ty  to Ga 39 (1): 54-58.
 (=Gigantospilosoma Dubatolov, 1990, Taksonomia nasekomykh i gelmintov. Novosibirsk: 95-96).
 77. Ch. nivea (Ménétriès, 1859)
 Bull. phys.-math. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 17: 218 (Dionychopus).
     ?Irkutsk; the Middle Amur; Primorye; Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (Kunashir). China (Dunbei, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujiang, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima).

 Alphaea Walker, 1855, List Spec. lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 3: 683.
 78. A. melanostigma (Erschoff, 1872)
 Horae Soc. Ross. 8 (4): 316 (Spilosoma). (=Spilarctia karakorumica Daniel, 1961, Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges. 51: 159).
     Uzbekistan: the Zeravshan, Alai mountain ranges; Kyrghyzstan: the Alai; Tajikistan: the Hissar mountain range, the Pamirs. Afghanistan; Pakistan; North India (Himalaya, south to Sikkim and Assam). ?China (Qinghai).

 Andala Walker, 1855, List Spec. lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 3: 774.
 79. A. guttata (Erschoff, 1874)
 In: Fedtschenko. Puteshestvije v Turkestan 2: 32, t. 2, f. 28 (Arctia).
     Uzbekistan: the West Tien Shan (the Chimgan Mt.), ?the Zeravshan mountain range; Tajikistan: the Hissar mountain range. East Afghanistan.
 80. A. transversa (Moore, 1879)
 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 398 (Cycnia). (=Spilosoma puella Staudinger, 1887, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 48: 85).
     Tajikistan: the Peter-the-Great and Darwaz mountain ranges, the West Pamirs. East Afghanistan; West Pakistan.

 Hyphantria Harris, 1841, Rep. Insects Mass. injurious to Vegn.: 255.
 81. H. cunea (Drury, 1773)
 Illust. nat. Hist. exot. Insects 2: index to vol. 1; 1770, ibidem 1: 36, t. 18, f. 4 (Phalaena). (=Hyphantria textor Harris, 1828, Rep. Insects Mass. injurious to Vegn.: 255).
     Moldova (from 1970); the Ukraine (from 1952): the Transcarpathians, Odessa, Kherson, Nikolaev, and Zaporozhje regions, the Crimea; the south part of the European Russia (from 1975): the Krasnodar and Stavropol regions, the North-West Caucasus, east to the west coast of the Caspian Sea (Sharov, Izhevskij, 1987) and the southern parts of the Samara region (since the 90-th years) (Sachkov, 1992); Baltia (Lithuania and Estland, since the 80-th years). South-West France; South Italy; Switzerland, Central Europe, north to South Germany, East Austria and South Slovakia; North Turkey; South Mongolia; North-East China: Liaonin (Fang, 1981), Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); North America (South Canada and the U.S.A.).
ACCORDING TO PERSONAL COMMUNICATION OF V.TUZOV, THIS SPECIES NOW OCCUR IN NORTH REGIONS OF CENTRAL ASIA ALSO.

 Diaphora Stephens, 1827, in: Anonymous, Retrospective Review (2) 1: 244.
 82. D. mendica (Clerck, 1759)
 Icon. Insect. rariorum 1: t. 3, f. 5 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena rustica Hübner, 1791, Beitrage zur Geschichte der Schmett. Augsburg 2: 64, pl. 3, 2, pl. 3, 2, H; =Diaphora mendica malatiana Bytinski-Saltz, 1936, Ent. Rec. 48: 2 (sep.).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Karelia and the southern part of the Komi republic; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; North Kazakhstan; South Siberia north to Tobolsk, Tomsk, the middle part of the Angara river, and Irkutsk; south of the Baikal region. West Europe, north to South Scandinavia (except for North Ireland, North Scottland, south regions of the Iberian peninsula and Greece); North Turkey; Syria; Lebanon.

 Eudiaphora Dubatolov, 1990, Taksonomiya nasekomykh i gelmintov. Novosibirsk: 93-95.
 83. E. turensis (Erschoff, 1874)
 In: Fedtshenko, Puteschestvie v Turkestan 3: 33, t. 2, f. 29 (Spilosoma). (=Diaphora turensis maracandica Seitz, 1910, Gross-Schmett. Erde 2: 92, f. 17d; =Diaphora afghanistanensis Daniel, 1966, Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges. 56 (7): 163, t. 3, f. 1).
     Turkmenistan: the Kopetdagh and Kuhitang mountain ranges, the Amu-Darja river (Chardzhou), Kazakhstan: the Syr-Darja, Chu and Ili river valleys; the Ketmen mountain range; Kyrghyzstan: Ferghanian mountain range; Uzbekistan: the Karzhantau and Zeravshan mountain ranges, Tajikistan: the Hissar and Turkestan mountain range, the West Pamirs. Afghanistan; China (Xinjiang).

 Spilosoma Curtis, 1825, Br. Ent. 2: f. 92.
84. S. lubricipedum (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 505 (Phalaena lubricipeda). (=Bombyx menthastri [Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775, Ankundung syst. Werkes Schmett. Wienergegend: 54; =Diacrisia menthastri chishimana Matsumura, 1929, Ins. matsumur. 3: 167; =Diacrisia masuensis Matsumura, 1930, Ins. matsum. 5: 34, t. 1, f. 1; =S. menthastri elegans Bryk, 1948, Ark. Zool. 41A (1): 43).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Karelia, the Arkhangelsk region and the Komi republic; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (except for East Azerbaijan); North Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Tobolsk, the Ket river (the Tomsk region), and the Angara river; Transbaikalia; the Amur basin; Primorye; Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Urup to Kunashir). West Europe, north to Middle Scandinavia (except for the central and south-western parts of the Iberian peninsula, South Italy, South Greece); the northern part of Asia Minor; ?Mongolia; China (Dunbei, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jianxi, Fujiang, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunan); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima, Yaku).
 85. S. punctarium (Stoll in Cramer, [1782])
 Uitlandsche Kapelleu 4: 233, t. 398, f. D (Bombyx). (=Arctia punctigera Motschulsky, [1861], Ét. d'Ent. 9: 31, t. 1, f. 7; =Spilosoma roseiventer Snellen, 1863, Tijds. 6: 143; =Spilosoma dornesii Oberthür, 1879, Diagnoses Espèces nouv. Lepid. Ile d'Askold: 6; =Spilosoma doerriesi Oberthür, [1881] 1880, Ét. d'Ent. 5: 31, t. 1, f. 7; =Spilosoma punctarium miserata Bryk, 1942, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 56: 33).
     The Middle Amur; Primorye; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Urup to Kunashir). China, west to Tibet; Nepal (KISHIDA, 1998); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yaku).
 86. S. urticae (Esper, 1789)
     South Lithuania; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Bryansk, Moscow, and the Middle Volga, there are some old matelials from St.-Petersburg also; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; Kazakhstan; Kyrghyzstan (Bishkek, Osh); Uzbekistan: the West Tien Shan and the Ferghana valley; South Siberia, north to Kurgan, the Chulym river (the Tomsk region), and the middle part of the Angara river; Transbaikalia (Ulan-Ude; ONON RIVER!); the Middle Amur (Blagovestshensk); South Primorye; ?the Southern Kuril Is. (?Kunashir). West Europe, north to South England and South Scandinavia, south to North Italy and the North Balkans; ?Turkey; North Iran (Chelus); China (Xinjiang, Sichuan, Jiangsu).
   a. S. urticae urticae (Esper, 1789)
 Schmett. 3: 20, t. 83, f. 2 (Phalaena).
     South Lithuania; the Ukraine, the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; the Caucasus; the Transcauvasia; Kazakhstan; Kyrghyzstan; North Uzbekistan; South Siberia; the Middle Amur. West Europe.
   b. S. urticae mandli Schawerda, 1922
 Zeit. Öst. Ent. Ver. (Wien) 7: 11 (Spilosoma mandli). (=?Spilosoma sangaica Walker, [1865], List. Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 31: 294).
     South Primorye; ?Kunashir.
 87. Spilosoma streltzovi Dubatolov, 1996
 Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 67, 76, Fig. 2k, l, 3 (genitalia).
     The Middle Amur, Primorye.

 Spilarctia Butler, 1875
 Cistula ent.2:39.
     Note. "Spilarctia tschitaensis Daniel", 1953, Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges. 43: 252, t. 7, f. 11, which was described from Chita (Transbaikalia) is a synonym of Isochlora grumi Alpheraky, 1892, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 26: 448 (Noctuidae).
 88. S. luteum (Hufnagel, 1766)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Karelia and Kotlas; the West Caucasus; the West Transcaucasia (West Georgia); North Kazakhstan; South Siberia, north to Tobolsk, the Chulym river (the Tomsk region), Krasnoyarsk, and Irkutsk; the Middle Amur; Primorye; Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Urup to Kunashir); possibly absent in Transbaikalia. West Europe, north to South Scandinavia (except for the central, south and east parts of the Iberian peninsula); the northern part of Asia Minor; China (Dunbei, Hebei, Shaanxi); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu).
   a. S. luteum luteum (Hufnagel, 1766)
 Berlin. Mag. 2: 412 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena zatima Stoll, 1781, Pap. Exot. 4: 182, t. 381, f. F).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia; the West Caucasus; West Georgia; North Kazakhstan; South Siberia. West Europe; the northern part of Asia Minor.
   b. S. luteum japonicum (Rothschild, 1910)
 Novit. Zool. 17: 131 (Diacrisia lutea japonica). (=Spilarctia obliqua ursulina Bryk, 1942, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 56: 31- 32; =S. obliqua bergmani Bryk, 1942, Ibidem, 56:31; =Diacrisia lutea rhododactyla Bryk, 1948, Ark. Zool. 41A (1): 41).
     The Middle Amur; Primorye; Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Urup to Kunashir). East China; Korea; Japan.
 89. S. seriatopunctatum (Motschulsky, [1861])
 Ét. d'Ent. 9: 31 (Arctia seriatopunctata). (=Spilarctia ione Butler, 1875, Cistula ent. 2: 41; =Spilarctia mollicula Butler, 1877, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20: 395; =Spilosoma striatopunctata Oberthür, 1879, Diagnoses espèces nouv. Lepid. Ile d'Askold: 6; =Spilarctia casigneta flavomaculosa Kardakoff, 1928, Ent. Mitt. 17: 415; =S. casigneta sjoquisti Bryk, 1942, Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris 56: 32; =Diacrisia seriatopunctata varians Bryk, 1948, Ark. Zool. 41A (1): 41).
     The Middle Amur; Primorye; Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Urup to Kunashir). China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Jiangxi, Fujiang, Sichuan); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima, Yaku, Amami, Okinawa).
 90. S. obliquizonatum (Miyake, 1910)
 Jl. Coll. Agric. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 2: 208 (Diacrisia obliquizonata).
     Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (Kunashir). Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu,  Shikoku, Kyushu).
 91. S. subcarneum (Walker, 1855)
 List Spec. lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 3: 675-676 (Spilosoma subcarnea). (=Aloa bifrons Walker, 1855, Ibidem, 3: 705; =Spilosoma rybakovi Alpheraky, 1897, Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 9: 171, t. 10, f. 9).
     South Primorye. China, from Dunbei south to Taiwan, Guangdong and North Yunan; Nepal (KISHIDA, 1995); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shokoku, Kyushu, Tsushima, Yaku, Okinawa).
     a. S. subcarneum charbini (Daniel, 1943)
 Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges. 33 (3): 696, t. 19, f. 7, 8 (Spilarctia subcarnea).
     South Primorye. North-East China (Dunbei).
     Note. 1). The species was reported from the Kamchatka peninsula by A.I.Kurentsov (1966) as the pest of Betula ermanii. I haven't found any specimen from Kamchatka in the Kurentzov's collection in the Institute of Biology and Pedology (Vladivostok). It is quite possible that he had determined the species by the larvae only, and this determination might be wrong. 2). There are two male specimens of the species, originated from South Primorye, Kaimanovka, 24 VIII 1981, Petrikevitsh leg., with a yellow, not red abdomen. These specimens were collected together with the typical form. I haven't found any significant differences between both in the male genitalia. I propose a new name for specimens with yellow abdomen: Spilarctia subcarneum f. lydia Dubatolov, 1996, Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 68.

 Lemyra Walker, 1856, List Spec. lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 7: 1690.
 (=Thanatarctia Butler, 1877, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20: 395).
 92. L. boghaika Tshistjakov et Kishida, 1994 [CORRECTION!]
 Tyô to Ga 45 (3): 189-192, Fig. 1-2, 3-4 (genitalia) (=Lemyra inaequalis, Dubatolov, 1996, Neue Entomol. Nachr. 36: 68; =Diacrisia rhodophila japonensis Rothschild, 1914, In: A.Seitz, Gross- Schmett. Erde 10: 239, f. 21e).
     Lower Amur, Primorye. Korea.
     Such specimen has been figured by Fang cheng-lai (1982: t.69, fig. 1587) as "Spilarctia japonensis Roth.". The mentioned author gave its distribution in China as follows: Heilongjiang, Liaonin, Jilin, Zhejiang.
 93. L. jankowskii (Oberthür, [1881] 1880)
 Ét. d'Ent. 5: 31-32, t. 8, f. 3 (Spilosoma). (=Diacrisia jankowskii korearctia Bryk, 1948, Ark. Zool. 41A (1): 42).
     The Middle Amur; Primorye. China (Heilongjiang, Liaonin, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunan).
     Note. It was reported to occur also in the Kuril Is.: Kunashir (Konovalova, 1968). I consider this to be a mistike, because the species does not inhabit Japan.

 Phragmatobia Stephens, 1828, Illust. Br. Ent. (Haustellata) 2: 55, 73.
 94. Ph. fuliginosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Murmansk, the Arkhangelsk region, and the Komi republic; the Caucasus; the Transcaucasia; Kazakhstan; all the countries of Middle Asia, except for deserts; Siberia, north to Beryozov (the lower flow of the Ob' river), the Podkamennaya Tunguska river, Central Yakutia, and the upper flow of the Kolyma river; Kamchatka; the Bering Is. (Dyar, 1899). The south-easternmost locality in Russia is the Nerchinsk surroundings in Transbaikalia. West Europe; North-West Africa; Asia Minor; the Near East; Iraq; North Iran; Afghanistan; China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Nei Mongol).
   a. Ph. fuliginosa borealis (Staudinger, 1871)
 Cat. Lep. Europ. Faunengeb. (Edn. 2): 59 (Spilosoma fuliginosa).
     The northern part of Eurasia (the northern regions of the European Russia; Siberia, except for the south part; Scandinavia).
   b. Ph. fuliginosa fuliginosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10) 1: 509 (Phalaena). (=Spilosoma fuliginosa fervida Staudinger, 1871, Cat. Lep. Europ. Faunengeb. (Edn. 2): 59; =Phragmatobia  fuliginosa lurida Rothschild, 1910, Novitat. Zool. 17: 115).
     ?Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; the Crimea; Moldova; the central and south regions of the European Russia; North Kazakhstan; South Siberia. Central and South Europe.
   c. Ph. fuliginosa taurica Daniel, 1970
 Zeitschr. der Arbeitgemeinschaft Österr. Entomologen 22: 9-10.
     The Caucasus; the Transcaucasia (excluding the main part of Azerbaijan and Armenia). East Turkey; the Near East; mountains of the northern and north-western Iran.
   d. Ph. fuliginosa paghmani Lenek, 1966
 Zeit. Wiener Ent. Ges. 51: 105.
     South-East Transcaucasia (Azerbaijan and Armenia); all the countries of Middle Asia; South Kazakhstan. Iran; Afghanistan. China (West Xinjiang).
     Note. P. f. pulverulenta Alpheraky, 1889, Mém. Lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff 5: 84 (Spilosoma fuliginosa) = P. f. pallida Rothschild, 1910, Novitat. Zool. 17: 116 = P. f. thibetica Strand, 1919, Lep. Cat. 22: 416, ranges only in China: East Xinjiang, Qinghai, Nei Mongol; and South Mongolia (Daritsheva, Dubatolov, 1989).
 95. Ph. amurensis Seitz, 1910
     SOUTH-EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA (CHITA PROVINCE: ONON RIVER, TOREI LAKES (Kostjuk, Golovushkin, 1994; Kostjuk, Budashkin, Golovushkin, 1994), POKROVKA IN AMMER AMUR), the Middle Amur; Primorye; Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. (from Iturup to Kunashir). China (Dunbei, Hebei); Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu).
     Note. For the review of distinguish characters see V.V.Dubatolov (1990d). The males of Ph. amurensis Seitz have pectinate antennae, those of Ph. fuliginosa (L.) - simple ones.
   a. Ph. amurensis amurensis Seitz, 1910
 Gross-Schmett. Erde 2: 79, f. 16b (Phragmatobia fuliginosa). (=Phragmatobia fuliginosa chosensis Bryk, 1948, Ark. Zool. 41A (1): 40).
     SE TRANSBAIKALIA, the Middle Amur; Primorye. North-East China; Korea.
   b. Ph. amurensis japonica Rothschild, 1910
 Novitat. Zool. 17 (2): 116 (Phragmatobia fuliginosa).
     Southern Sakhalin; the Southern Kuril Is. Japan.
 96. Ph. placida (Frivaldszky, 1835)
 Mag. Tud. Tars. Evk. 2: 271, t. 7, f. 5 (Euprepia).
     The South Crimea (Kostjuk, Pljustsh, 1987); the Transcaucasia (Armenia). The Balkans; Turkey; Syria; North Iraq; North Iran.

       Epatolmis Butler, 1877, Trans.ent.Soc.Lond.:348.
 97. E. caesarea (Goeze, 1781)
 Ent. Beytrage 3 (3): 63 (Phalaena). (=Phalaena luctifera Esper, 1784, Schmett. Abbild. Naturh. Erlang 3: 222, t. 43, f.1-5; =Atolmis japonica Walker, [1865] 1864, List Specm. lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 31: 223; =Estigmene moerens Butler, 1885, Cist. Ent. 3: 114).
     Baltia; Belarus; the Ukraine; Moldova; the European Russia, north to Luga (the St.-Petersburg region), Vasil'sursk (120 km east of Nizhnii Novgorod) (Tschetverikov, 1993), and Vyatka, south to the Azov Sea and ?Saratov; the Transcaucasia (Borzhomi in Georgia and Kirovabad (Gyandzha) in West Azerbaijan); South Siberia: Tobolsk, Barnaul, Khakasia, Minussinsk; southern banks of the Baikal region; Transbaikalia; the Middle Amur (Blagowestshensk); South Primorye. Central Europe: Central and South France, South Germany, Austria and Cseko-Slovakia, south to North Italy and the North-East Balkans; Asia Minor; Mongolia; China (Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunan); Korea, Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu).

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     Daniel, F. (1951-1954): Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Arctiidae Ostasiens unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ausbeuten von Dr. h. c. H. Höne aus diesem Gebiet (Lep.-Het.). Bonn. zool. Beitr., 1951, Bd. 2, Heft 3-4, S. 291-327, Taf. I; 1952, Bd. 3, Heft 1-2, S. 75-90, Taf. II; 1952, Bd. 3, Heft 3-4, S. 305-324; 1954, Bd. 4, Heft 1-2, S. 89-138, Taf. III.
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     Dubatolov, V.V. (1985a): Zametki po sistematike medvedits (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) gruppy rodov Diacrisia Hb. - Rhyparia Hb. [On a systematics of the tiger moth (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) genus group Diacrisia Hb. - Rhyparia Hb. In: Sistematika i biologiya chlenistonogikh i gelmintov [Systematics and biology of Arthropoda and helmints]. Novosibirsk: "Nauka". Sib. Dept., p. 66-71 (in Russian).
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     Lvovsky, A.L. (1971): Materialy po faune cheshuekrylykh (Macrolepidoptera) Astrakhanskoi oblasti [Materials on the fauna of Macrolepidoptera from the Astrakhan Region]. Entomol. Obozr., t. 50, No. 4, p. 800-810 (in Russian).
     Matsumura, S. (1927a): New species and subspecies of moths from the Japanese Empire. J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., T. 19, p. 1-91.
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     Matsumura, S. (1930a): New species and forms of Arctiidae from Japan. Insecta Matsumur., t.5, p. 31-40, pl. 1.
     Matsumura, S. (1930b):  A  catalogue of the Arctiidae of the Japanese Empire. Insecta Matsumur., t. 5, p. 58-94, pl.1.
     McDunnough, J. (1921): Note on the generic position of two Canadian arctiids with descriptions of new species (Lepid.). Can. Entomol. Vol. 53, p. 167-168.
     Mirzoyan, S.A. & Arutyunyan, Kh.M. (1980): Medveditsy Armenii (Lep. Arctiidae). Trudy NII Inst. Zastsh. Rast. Erevan, t. 4, p. 96-104 (in Russian).
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     Ménétriès, E. (1842): Sur un noveau genre de lépidoptère nocturne de la Russie. Bull. phys.-mat. Acad. Péters., t. 9, No. 195, p. 40-43.
     Ménétriès, E. (1859a): Lépidoptères de la Sibérie orientale et en particulier des rives de l'Amour. Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb., T. 17, p. 212-221.
     Ménétriès, E. (1859b): Sur quelques Lépidoptères du gouvernement de Jakoutsk. Bull. Acad. Sci. St.Pétersb., t. 17, p. 494-500.
     Ménétriès, E. (1863): Descriptions de nouvelles espèces de Lépidoptères de la collection de l'Académie impériale des Sciences. 3-ème et dernière partie. In: Ménétriès, E. Enumeratio corporum animalium Musei Imp. Acad. Sci. etc. Petropolitane. Pars 3, Lep. Heterocera. St.-Pétersbourg, p. 145-161, t. 15-18.
     Merzheevskaja, O.I., Litvinova, A.N., Molchanova, R.V. (1976): Cheshuekrylye (Lepidoptera) Belorusii (katalog) [Lepidoptera of Belarus (a catalogue)]. Minsk: "Nauka i tekhnika", 132 p.
     Moltrecht, A.K. (1929): O geograficheskom rasprostranenii cheshuekrylykh Dalnevostochnogo kraya s vydeleniem v osobuyu faunu ussuriiskikh Lepidoptera [Ueber die geographische Verbreitung der Macrolepidopteren des Ussuri- and  Amur-Gebietes]. Zapiski Vadivostokskogo otdela Gosudarstvennogo Russkogo Geograficheskogo obstshestva. T. 3 (XX), p. 5-70.
     Moore, F. (1879): Description of new genera and species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 387-417, t. 32.
     Motschulsky, V. (1860 [1861]): Insects du Japon. Et. d'Ent., 9, p. 4-39.
     Nagel, W.P., Isaacson, D.L. (1974): Tyria jcobaeae and Tansy Ragwort in Western Oregon. Journ. Econ. Ent., t. 67, Nr. 4, p. 494-496.
     Niepelt, W. (1911): Neue paläarktische Macrolepidopteren. Int. Ent. Ztg., Bd. 5, No. 58, S. 274-275.
     Oberthür, Ch. (1879): Diagnoses d'espèces nouvelles de Lépidoptères de l'ile Askold. Rennes, 16 p.
     Oberthür, Ch. ([1881]): Faune des Lépidoptères de l'ile Askold. Premiere partie. Étud. d'Ent. t. 5, p. IX-X, 11-88, pl. 1-9.
     Oberthür, Ch. (1896): De la variation chez les Lépidoptères. Étud. d'Entomol. t. 20, 20+74 p., 24 t.
     Obraztsov, N.S. (1936): Zur Lepidopterenfauna des Sudlichen Transdneprgebietes. In: Festschrift fur Dr. Embrik Strand, Vol. 2. Riga, 1936, S. 229-242.
     Paykull, G. (1793): Beskrivelse over 5 arter nye natsommerfulge. Skrivt. Naturh. Selsk. Kjøbenhavn, t. 2, p. 97-102, t. 2.
     Pljustsh, I.G. & Kostjuk, I.Y. (1988): Acymba spectabilis Tausch. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) - novaya medveditsa v faune Ukrainy [Acymba spectabilis Tausch. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) - a new tiger moth for a fauna of the Ukraine] Vestnik zoologii. Kiev, No 4, p. 86 (in Russian).
     Poda, N. (1761): Insecta musei Graecensis, quae in ordines, genera et species juxta Systema Naturae Caroli Linnaei digessit Nocolaus Poda, e Societate Jesu, Philosophiae Doctor et Matheseos Professor. Graecii,  Widmanstadii, 18+127 p., 2 tab.
     Püngeler, R. (1898): Diagnosen neuer Lepidopteren aus Centralasien. Soc. Ent., Bd. 13, S. 57-58.
     Püngeler, R. (1899): Neue Macrolepidopteren aus Central-Asiens. Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 12, S. 95-106.
     Püngeler, R. (1901): Neue Macrolepidopteren aus Centralasien. Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 14, S. 171-191, T. 1 -3.
     Püngeler, R. (1904): Neue Macrolepidopteren aus Centralasien. Soc. Entomol., Bd. 19, p. 121-122, 129-131.
     Püngeler, R. (1918): [6. Arctia wagneri Püng. nov. spec.]. Zeit. Öster. Ent. Ver., Wien, Bd. 3, S. 46.
     Quensel, C. (1802): Lepidoptera. In: Acerbi, J. Travels through Sweden, Finland and Lapland, to the North Cape 1798 & 1799. T. 2. London.
     Rebel, H. (1910): Arctia caja confluens. In: Berge, F. Schmetterlingsbuch, etc. Auf. 9. Stuttgart, S. 430.
     Reich, P. (1935): Callimorpha dominula L. (Lepidopt. Callimorphinae). Ent. Rundschau, Bd. 53, Nr. 1, S. 8-10.
     Remm, H. & Viidalepp, J. (1986): Catalogus Macrolepidopterorum Estoniae. Abiks Loodusevaatlejale, Nr. 84. Tartu, 1986, 34 p. (in Estonian).
     Romanoff, N.M. (1884): Les Lépidoptères de la Transcaucasie. Premiere partie. Mém. lépidop., Ed. N.M.Romanoff, T. 1. St.- Pétersbourg: M.M.Stassuléwitch, S. 1-92, pl. 1-5.
     Rothschild, W. (1910): Catalogue of the Arctianae in the Tring museum, with notes and descriptions of new species. Novitat. Zool., 17, p. 1-85, 113-188.
     Rothschild, W. (1914): Arctiidae, subfamilie Arctiinae. In: Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Band 10. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen, S. 236-263.
     Sachkov, S.A. (1992): Fauna vysshykh medvedits (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Arctiinae) Samarskoi Luki i sopredelnykh terrirorii Samarskoi oblasti [The tiger-moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Arctiinae) of the "Samarskaya Luka" and heighbouring territories of the Samara region]. In: Samarskaya Luka. Bulletin, No. 3, p. 136-144 (in Russian).
     Schawerda, K. (1922): Ussuriensia. Zeit. Österr. Ent. Ver. Wien, Bd. 7, S. 10-11.
     Schulz, O. (1905): Ueber die Variabilitat von Pericallia matronula L. Ent. Zeit., Sch. 18, Nr. 31, S. 125-126 + Beilage.
     Schwingenschuss, L. (1937): Weitere Neuheiten aus Nord Persien. Zeit. Österr. entomol. Ver., Bd. 22, Heft 6, S. 57-61.
     Sedykh, K.R. (1974): Zhivotnyi mir Komi ASSR. Bespozvonochnye. [Animal world of the Komi ASSR. Invertebrata]. Syktyvkar, 191 p.
     Sedykh, K.R. (1979): Cheshuekrylye (Lep. Macrolepidoptera) fauny Kamchatki i prilegayustshikh  oblastei [Lepidoptera (Macrolepidoptera) of Kamchatka and neughbouring regions]. Entomol. Obozr., t. 58, No. 2, p. 288-298 (in Russian).
     Seitz, A. (1910): 4. Familie: Arctiidae, Bärenspinner. In: Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. I Abt.: Die Gross-Schmetterlinge des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Band 2: Die Palaearktiscen Spinner & Schwarmer. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen, S. 43-103, t. 10-18, 56.
     Shaposhnikov, Chr.G. (1904): Zametki o Macrolepidoptera tsentralnoi chasti Severo-Zapadnogo Kavkaza [Notes sur les Macrol pidopt res de la partie centrale du Caucasie septentrional - occidental]. Ezhegod. Zool. Mus. Imp. Akad. Nauk [Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.Petersb.], t. 9, p. 189-259 (in Russian).
     Sharov, A.A. & Izhevskij, S.S. (1987): Kompleks parasitov amerikanskoi beloi babochki Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) na yuge Evropeiskoi chasti SSSR [The complex of parasites of the fall webworm Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) in the South of the European part of the USSR]. Entomol. Obozr., T. 66, No. 2, p. 290-298 (in Russian).
     Sheljuzhko, L. (1918): Diagnoses lepidopterorum novorum Sibiriae. Neue Beitr. syst. Insektenkunde, Bd. 1, S. 104.
     Sheljuzhko, L. (1926): Neue palaearctische Heteroceren. Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 40, S. 56-65.
     Sheljuzhko, L. (1934): Eine neue Callimorpha dominula-Rasse aus dem Kaukasus. Ent. Zeit. (Frankf. a. M.), Bd. 48, S. 73-75.
     Sheljuzhko, L. (1935a): Eine neue Rasse von Callimorpha quadripunctaria Poda aus Transkaukasien. Zeitschr. Öster. Ent. Ver. Wien, Bd. 20, S. 21-22, 36, 67.
     Sheljuzhko, L. (1935b): Einige neue und wenig bekannte Lepidopteren aus dem Westlichen Tian-Schan. Mitt. Münch. ent. Ges., Bd. 25, S. 27-38, t. 3.
     Sheljuzhko, L. (1941): Materialy do lepidopterofauny Kyivstshiny [Materials to the lepidoptera fauna of the Kiev region]. Bombyces i Sphinges. I. Trudy. Zool. Muz. Kyiv. derzh. un-tu, t. 1, p. 1-101 (in Ukranian).
     Shlykov, O.V. (1988): Spisok cheshuekrylykh (Macrolepidoptera) Penzenskoi obl. [A list of Macrolepidoptera of the Penza province]. Entomol. Obozr. T.68, No. 1, p. 48-61.
     Sitnikov, P.S. (1992): K sozdaniyu regionalnogo kadastra redkikh nasekomykh Tyumenskoi oblasti [To a creating of the Regional Rare Insects Cadastre of the Tyumen region]. Ezhegodnik Tyumenskogo oblastnogo kraevedcheskogo muzeya. Tyumen, p. 200-228 (in Russian).
     Skalski, A.W. (1988): Stauropolia nekrutenkoi gen. et sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) - novaya iskopaemaya medveditsa iz miotsena Kavkaza [Stauropolia nekrutenkoi gen. et sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) - a New Fossil Tiger-Moth from Miocene of the Caucasus]. Vestnik zoologii. Kiev, No. 4, p. 21-25 (in Russian).
     Sotavalta, O. (1963): The generic position of Hyphoraia alpina Quens. (Lep. Arctiidae). Suom. hyont. Aikak. [Ann. Ent. Fenn.], t. 29, p. 257-267.
     Sotavalta, O. (1965): A revision of the genus Hyphoraia Hübner, s. lat. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae). Suom. hyont. Aikak. [Ann. Ent. Fenn.], t.31, No. 3, p. 159-197.
     Sovinsky, V. (1905): Tri novykh kavkazskikh raznovidnosti cheshuekrylykh [Trois nouvelles formes de Lepidopteres du Caucase]. Russ. entomol. Obozr., t. 5, No. 3-4, p. 108-110 (in Russian).
     Spuler, A. (1906): XXIII. Fam. Arctiidae Stph. In: Spuler, A. Die Schmetterlinge Europas. Band 2. Stuttgart, S. 128-152.
     Staudinger, O. (1861): [Macrolepidoptera]. In: Staudinger, O. & Wocke, M. Catalog der Lepidopteren Europas und der angrenzenden Länder. Dresden, XVI+192 S.
     Staudinger, O. (1867): Einige neue Lepidopteren (sämmtlich aus der sammlung des verstorfenen O.Grüner). Stett. ent. Ztg., Bd. 28, S. 100-110.
     Staudinger, O. (1871): [Macrolepidoptera]. In: Staudinger, O. & Wocke, M. Catalog der Lepidopteren des europaischen Faunengebiets (Edn.2). Dresden, 38+426 S.
     Staudinger, O. (1879): Lepidopteren-Fauna Kleinasiens. Horae Soc. ent. Ross., T. 14, S. 176-482.
     Staudinger, O. (1886): Description of a new Bombyx allied to Arctia caja. Ent. Month. Mag., T. 22, p. 258.
     Staudinger, O. (1887a): Centralasiatische Lepidopteren. Stett. ent. Ztg., Bd. 48, S. 49-102.
     Staudinger, O. (1887b): Neue Arten und Varietäten von Lepidopteren aus dem Amur-Gebiete. Mém. lépidop., Ed. N.M.Romanoff, T. 3. St.-Pétersbourg: M.M.Stassuléwitch, S. 126-232, T. 6-12, 16-17.
     Staudinger, O. (1891 [1892]): Neue Arten und Varietäten von Lepidopteren des paläarktischen Faunengebiets. Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 4, S. 224-339, T. 3.
     Staudinger, O. (1892a): Lepidopteren des Kentei-Gebirges. Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 5, S. 300-393.
     Staudinger, O. (1892b): Die Macrolepidopteren des Amurgebiets. I Theil. Rhopalocera, Sphinges, Bombyces, Noctuae. Mém. lépidop., Ed. N.M.Romanoff, T. 6. St.-Pétersbourg: M.M.Stassuléwitch, S. 83-658, Pl. 4-14.
     Staudinger, O. (1896): Drei neue paläarctische Heteroceren. Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 9, S. 188-192, t. 4.
     Staudinger, O. (1897): Lepidopteren des Apfelgebirges. Dtsch. Ent. Zeit., Iris, Bd. 10, S. 320-344, t. 9.
     Stichel, H. (1911): Zweiter Beitrag zur nordischen Schmetterlingsfauna und anknüpfende Bemerkungen. Berl. Ent. Zeit., Bd. 61, S. 33-104, T. 3.
     Strand, E. (1912): Ein neuen Bär von Tianschan. Int. Ent. Zeit. (Güben), Bd. 6, p. 2.
     Strand, E. (1919): Arctiidae: subfam. Arctiinae. In: Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Pars 22. Berlin: W.Yunk, 416 S.
     Stshetkin, J.L. (1960): Vysshye cheshuekrylye Vakhshskoi doliny (Tadzhikistan). Chast' I. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera i Heterocera [Macrolepidoptera of the Vakhsh valley (Tajikistan). Part I. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera et Heterocera]. Stalinabad, 103 p. (in Russian).
     Stshetkin, J.L. (1975): Pastbistshnaya medveditsa (Ocnogyna loewii pallidior Chr.) v Srednei Asii (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) [Pasturable tiger moth (Ocnogyna loewii pallidior Chr.) in Middle Asia (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)]. Entomologiya Tadzhikistana [Entomology of Tajikistan]. Dushanbe, p. 134-138 (in Russian).
     Stshetkin, J.L. (1982): Novyi podvid - Arctia caja pamiroalaica Stshetkin, ssp. n. - iz Srednei Asii (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) [A new subspecies - Arctia caja pamiroalaica Stshetkin, ssp. n. - from Middle Asia (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)]. Izvestiya Akad. Nauk Tadzh. SSR. Otd. biol. nauk, No. 1, p. 39-43 (in Russian).
     Sulcs, A. & Viidalepp, J. (1967): Verbreitung der Grossschmetterlinge (Macrolepidoptera) im Balticum. II. Spinnerartige und Schwarmer. Deutsch. Entomol. Zeit., Neue Folge, Bd. 14, Heft 5, S. 395-431.
     Suvortsev, M. (1894): Materialy k izucheniyu entomologicheskoi fauny Altaya i Semipalatinskoi oblasti. II [Materials to a studying of the entomological fauna of the Altai and the Semipalatinsk region. II]. Zapiski Zap.-Sib. otd. Imp. Rus. geogr. obstsh., t. 17, No 3, p. 1-14 (in Russian).
     Swinhoe, L.-C. (1885): List of Lepidoptera collected in Southern Afghanistan. Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond., part 3, p. 337-355.
     Tams, W. (1922): A new Callimorpha from north-west Persia and Armenia. Entomologist, t.55, p. 196-197.
     Tauscher, A. (1806): Lepidopterorum Rossiae indigenorum observationes sex. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc., t. 1, p. 207-212, t. 1.
     Tchrushina, A.N. & Shernin, A.I. (1974): Glava 13. Otryad Lepidoptera - Cheshuekrylye [Part 13. Order Lepidoptera]. In: Zhivotnyi mir Kirovskoi oblasti [Animal world of the Kirov region]. Part 2. Kirov [Vyatka], p. 351-477 (in Russian).
     Thomas, W. (1989): Bemerkungen zur Gattung Carcinopyga (Lep., Arctiidae) und zu Carcinopyga lichenigera FELDER (Beitrage zur Arctiiden-Systematik 4). Atalanta. Bd. 19, S. 139 -147.
     Thomas, W. (1990): Die Gattung Lemyra (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae). Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo. Frankf.a.M. Suppl. 9, S. 1-83.
     Tilavov, T. (1978): K biologii pastbistshnoi medveditsy (Ocnogyna loewii pallidior Chr.) v usloviyakh Kashkadarinskoi oblasti [On a biology of pasturable tiger moth (Ocnogyna loewii pallidior) in a conditions of Kashkadarinskaya oblast]. Uzbekskii biol. zhurnal [Uzbekian biological journal], Nr. 3, p. 61-62 (in Russian).
     Torstenius, S. (1971): Orodemnias cervini Fallou ssp. fridolini n. ssp. (Lepidoptera, Arctiidlae). Entomol Ts. Arg., t. 92, H. 3-4, p. 173-177.
     Tschetverikov, S. (1904): Lepidoptera palearctica nova. Rus. Entomol. Obozr., t. 4, Nr.2-3, p. 77-79 (in Russian).
     Tschetverikov, S.S. (1993): Babochki Gor'kovskoi oblasti [Lepidoptera of the Gorkii Region]. Nizhnii Novgorod: Nizhnii Novgorod State University Press. - 128 p. (in Russian).
     Tshistjakov, J.A. (1988): Medveditsy roda Dodia Dyar, 1901 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) fauny SSSR [Tiger moths of the genus Dodia Dyar, 1901 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) of the USSR fauna]. Entomol. Obozr., t. 67, No.3, p. 632-643 (in Russian).
     Tshistjakov, J.A. (1990): Pararctia tundrana sp.n. - vikariant P. subnebulosa (Dyar, 1899) (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) v subarktichesklm sektore Asii [Pararctia tundrana sp.n. - a vicariant of P. subnebulosa (Dyar, 1899) (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) in subarctic sector of Asia. In: Novosti sistematiki nasekomykh Dalnego Vostoka [A news on systematic of insects of the Far East]. Vladivostok: DVO AN SSSR, p. 97-99 (in Russian).
     Tshistjakov, Y.A. (1992): Sem. Arctiidae [Fam. Arctiidae]. In: Nasekomye Khiganskogo zapovednika. Chast 2 [Insects of the Khingan Nature Reservation. Part 2.]. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, p. 149-154 (in Russian).
     Tshistjakov, Y.A. & Kishida, Y. (1994): A new species of the genus Lemyra Walker, 1856 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) from Russian Far East and Korea. Tyo to Ga, vol. 45, No. 3, p. 189-192.
     Tshistjakov, Y.A. & Lafontiane, J.D. (1984): A rewiev of the genus Dodia Dyar (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) with description of a new species from Eastern Siberia and Northern Canada. Canad. Entomologist, vol. 116, p. 1549-1556.
     Vnukovsky, W. (1929): 3. Einige Nomenklatur-Notizen über die paläarktischen Lepidopteren. Zool. Anzeiger, Bd. 83, Heft 9/10, S. 221-224.
     Viidalepp, J. (1979): K faune cheshuekrylykh Tuvinskoi ASSR. II. Raznousye cheshuekrylye (semeistva Zygaenidae - Cossidae) [On the fauna of Lepidoptera of the Tuva ASSR. II. Sphinges and Bombyces]. Uchenye zapiski Tartuskogo gos. univ. [Acta et comm. Univ. Tartuensis], vihik 483, p. 17-39 (in Russian).
     Viidalepp, J. & Remm H. (1982): Novye materialy o vysshykh cheshuekrylykh (Macrolepidoptera) Sakhalina [A new material of Macrolepidoptera from Sakhalin]. In: Poleznye i vrednye nasekomye Sibiri [Useful and pest insects of Siberia]. Novosibirsk: "Nauka". Sib. Dept., p. 137-151 (in Russian).
     Wagner, F. (1913): Neue Heteroceren aus Centralasien. Int. Ent. Zeit., Bd. 7, No. 1, S. 2-4.
     Walker, F. (1855): List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. London, part 3, p. 583-775.
     Walker, F. (1856): List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. London, part 7, p. 1509-1808.
     Walker, F. (1865): List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. London, part 31, supl., 321 p.
     Warnecke, G. (1918): Eine neue Lokalform von Rhyparia purpurata L. Intern. Entomol. Zeit., Bd. 12, Nr. 11, S. 81.
     Watson, A., Fletcher, D.S. & Nye I.W.B. (1980): The Generic Names of Moths of the World. London: Trustes of the Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), vol. 2, 228 p.
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     Witt, T. (1980): Bombyces und Sphinges aus Korea. I. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae, Sphingidae). Folia ent. Hung., T. 41(33), No. 1, p. 167-174.
     Witt, T. (1985): Bombyces und Sphinges (Lepidoptera) aus Korea, II. Folia ent. Hung., T. 46, No. 2, p. 179-194.
     Wojtusiak, R.J. & Niesiolowski, W. (1946): Lepidoptera of the Central Caucasus, collected during the Polish Alpine Expedition in 1935, with ecological and zoogeographical remarks. I Part. Macrolepidoptera. Acta Mus. Hist. nat. Acad. polon., Crakow, No. 6, p. 1-74.
     Zeller, P.C. (1846): Beschreibung der Trichosoma löwii n. sp. nebst Bemerkungen  ber Carrenno's "Insecte, dont l'ordre est incertain". Entomol. Ztg., Bd. 7, S. 5-11.


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