materials from different regions of Russia are encoded as: FS RU CU UR WS SS MS CY NE NF KM AM SH KU

Apaturinae
Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Apatura iris iris (Linnaeus, 1758) WS Ukraine
Apatura iris amurensis Stichel, 1909 SS AM
Apatura ilia (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Apatura ilia ilia (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) RU UR Ukraine
Apatura ilia praeclara Bollow, 1930 (=ussuriensis Kurentzov, 1937) SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Apatura laverna Leech, 1899 China
Apatura metis Freyer, 1829
Apatura metis metis Freyer, 1829 Hungary
Apatura metis irtyshika Korshunov, 1982 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! WS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Apatura metis substituta Butler, 1873 SS AM Japan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3
Apatura hybrids? substituta x ilia AM
Dravira chrysolora (Fruhstorfer, 1908) Taiwan
Athymodes nycteis (Ménétriès, 1859) AM
Sasakia charonda (Hewitson, [1863]) Japan
Amuriana schrenckii (Ménétriès, 1859) AM China
Dichorragia nesimachus (Boisduval, [1846])
Dichorragia nesimachus nesiotes Fruhstorfer, 1903 Japan
Thaleropis ionia (Fischer de Waldheim et Eversmann, 1851) Azerbaijan
Asterocampa clyton (Boisduval et Le Conte, [1837]) USA
Sephisa princeps (Fixsen, 1887) AM
Sephisa chandra (Moore, 1857)
Sephisa chandra androdamas Fruhstorfer, 1908 Taiwan
Dilipa fenestra (Leech, 1891)
Dilipa fenestra takacukai Seok, 193? Korea
Hestina japonica (Felder, 1862)
Hestina japonica japonica (Felder, 1862) Japan
Hestina japonica seoki Shirôzu, 195? Korea
Hestina assimilis (Linnaeus, 1764) Japan
Hestina nama (Doubleday, 1845) India
Doxocopa cherubina (Felder, 1866) Peru

Cyrestiinae
Cyrestis thyodamas Boisduval, 1836
Cyrestis thyodamas mabella Fruhstorfer Japan
Cyrestis thyodamas formosana Fruhstorfer, 1898 Taiwan
Cyrestis thyonneus (Cramer, [1779]) Indonesia

Charaxinae
Charaxes jasius (Linnaeus, 1766)
Charaxes jasius septentrionalis Verity, 1913 Spain France
Charaxes ameliae Doumet, 1861 CAR
Polyura eudamippus (Doubleday, 1843)
Polyura eudamippus weismanni Fritze, 1894 Japan

Limenitinae
Euthalini:
Cynitia iapis (Godart, 1824) Indonesia
Euthalia formosana Fruhstorfer, 1908 Taiwan
Euthalia kosempona Fruhstorfer, 1908 Taiwan

Cymothoedini
Cymothoe theobene (Doubleday & Hewitson, 1850) unknown locality
Cymothoe confusa ??? Cote d'Ivoire

Limenitini
Limenitis populi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Limenitis populi populi (Linnaeus, 1758) UR WS SS
Limenitis populi enapius Fruhstorfer, 1908 SS Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Limenitis populi eumenius Fruhstorfer, 1908 SS CY
Limenitis populi ussuriensis Staudinger, 1887 AM Korea
Limenitis camilla (Linnaeus, 1764)
Limenitis camilla camilla (Linnaeus, 1764) RU UR Ukraine
Limenitis camilla angustefasciata Streckfuss, 1891 Slovenia
Limenitis camilla japonica Ménétriès, 1857 AM KU Japan
Limenitis reducta Staudinger, 1901 CU Spain Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan Turkmenistan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Limenitis trivena Moore, 1864
Limenitis trivena lepechini Erschoff, 1874 Tadzhikistan
Limenitis gloriphica Fruhstorfer, 1909 Japan
Limenitis helmanni Lederer, 1853
Limenitis helmanni helmanni Lederer, 1853 WS SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Limenitis helmanni duplicata Staudinger, 1892 SS AM
Limenitis helmanni pryeri Moore, 1877 China
Limenitis sydyi Lederer, 1853
Limenitis sydyi sydyi Lederer, 1853 Kazakhstan
Limenitis sydyi latefasciata Ménétriès, 1859 SS AM China IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Limenitis moltrechti Kardakoff, 1928 AM China
Limenitis amphissa Ménétriès, 1859 AM Korea
Limenitis doerriesi Staudinger, 1892 AM South Korea
Limenitis homeyeri Tancré, 1881 AM China Korea
Seokia pratti (Leech, 1890)
Seokia pratti eximia (Moltrecht, 1909) AM
Basilarcha archippus (Cramer, 1776) Canada USA
Basilarcha arthemis (Drury, 1775) Canada USA
Basilarcha arthemis astynax (Fabricius, 1775) USA
Basilarcha hybrid arthemis x astynax Canada USA
Basilarcha lorquini (Boisduval, 1852)
Basilarcha lorquini burrisoni (Maynard, 1891) Canada USA
Basilarcha arthemis rubrofasciata Barnes et McDunnough, 1916 Canada
Basilarcha weidenmeyerii W.H.Edwards, 1861 USA
Adelpha bredowii Geyer, 1837
Adelpha bredowii californica (Butler, [1865]) USA
Parthenos sylvia (Cramer, [1775]) Vietnam
Athyma ?glora Kheil, 1884 Indonesia
Athyma kanwa Moore, 1858)
Athyma kanwa napoleonsis Fruhstorfer Indonesia
Athyma perius (Linnaeus, 1758) Taiwan Indonesia

Neptini
Neptis hylas (Linnaeus, 1758) Thailand
Neptis hylas matuta (Hübner, 1819) Indonesia
Neptis sappho (Pallas, 1771)
Neptis sappho sappho (Pallas, 1771) UR WS SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Neptis sappho yessoensis Fruhstorfer, 1913 Japan
Neptis sappho intermedia W.B.Pryer, 1877 Japan
Neptis philyra Ménétriès, 1859
Neptis philyra philyra Ménétriès, 1859 AM
Neptis philyra kokazimai Seok, 1936 Korea
Neptis philyra excellens Butler, 1878 Japan
Neptis thisbe Ménétriès, 1859 SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Neptis speyeri Staudinger, 1887 AM
Neptis ilos Fruhstorfer, 1908
Neptis ilos ilos Fruhstorfer, 1908 AM
Neptis ilos muri Eliot, 1969 China
Neptis tshetverikovi Kurentzov, 1936 SS AM
Neptis phyliroides Staudinger, 1887 AM
Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763)
Neptis rivularis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) RU CU UR WS SS CY Ukraine Georgia
Neptis rivularis magnata Heyne in Rühl, 1895 SS AM Tadzhikistan Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan China IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Neptis rivularis bergmani Bryk, 1942 (=aino Shirôzu, 1952) KU Japan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict. 2
Neptis pryeri Butler, 1871
Neptis pryeri andetria Fruhstorfer, 1913 AM
Neptis pryeri pryeri Butler, 1871 Japan
Neptis alwina (Bremer et Grey, 1852) AM Japan
Neptis ?omeroda (Moore, 1874) Malaysia
Neptis anjana Moore, 1881
Neptis anjana vidua Staudinger, 1889 Malaysia
Aldania raddei (Bremer, 1861) AM Korea
Pantoporia sp. Indonesia

Eurytelinae
Biblini
Ariadne ariadne (Linnaeus, 1763) China
Euryphene mandinga (Felder, 1860) Ghana

Catagrammini
Catagramma cynosura Doubleday et Hewitson, 1850 Peru
Callicore sercine ??? Brazil

Nymphalinae
Hypolimnini
Precis almana (Linnaeus, 1758) China Indonesia
Precis orithya (Linnaeus, 1764)
Precis orithya orithya (Linnaeus, 1764) Indonesia
Precis orithya here Lang, 1884 UAE Iraq
Precis lemonias (Linnaeus, 1758) Thailand
Precis iphita (Cramer, 1779) unknown locality
Precis villida (Fabricius, 1787) Australia
Precis sp. Rwanda
Precis infracta Butler, 1888 Rwanda
Precis ceryne (Boisduval, 1849) Rwanda
Precis clelia (Cramer, 1775) Rwanda
Junonia evarete (Field, 1971) USA
Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus, 1764) Rwanda
Hypolimnas bolina (Linnaeus, 1758) Tonga Australia Mali
Anartia amathea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Anartia amathea roeselia (Eschscholtz in Kotzebue, 1821) Argentina

???????ini
Cethosia sp. (penthesilea (Cramer, 1777)) Indonesia
Cupha erymanthis (Drury, [1773]))
Cupha erymanthis disjuncta Weymer Indonesia
Vagrans egista (Cramer, 1780) Indonesia

Nymphalini
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758)
Polygonia c-album c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) (=chingana Klein et Schmidt, 1925) RU CU UR WS SS Sweden Latvia Slovenia Ukraine Crimea Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Polygonia c-album kultukensis Kleinschmidt, 1929 SS CY NE NF
Polygonia c-album hamigera (Butler, 1877) (=sachalinensis Matsumura 1915) AM SH KU
Polygonia c-album interposita (Staudinger, 1881) Kazakhstan
Polygonia undina (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) Tadzhikistan Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan
Polygonia egea (Cramer, 1778) CU Yugoslavia Turkmenistan Tadzhikistan
Polygonia comma (Harris, 1842) USA)
Polygonia zephyrus (W.H.Edwards, 1870) USA
Polygonia c-aureum (Linnaeus, 1758) AM South Korea Japan
Nymphalis vaualbum (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) UR WS SS Kazakhstan Mongolia
Nymphalis vaualbum samurai (Fruhstorfer, 1907) AM KU
Nymphalis xanthomelas (Esper, 1780)
Nymphalis xanthomelas xanthomelas (Esper, 1780) RU WS SS MS CY NE AM Kazakhstan Mongolia China IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Nymphalis xanthomelas japonica (Stichel, 1908) Japan
Nymphalis xanthomelas fervescens (Stichel, 1908) Turkmenistan Tadzhikistan Uzbekistan Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758)
Nymphalis polychloros polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) RU Ukraine Crimea
Nymphalis polychloros fervida (Standfuss, 1896) Tadzhikistan
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) (=asophos Fruhstorfer, 1909) RU CU WS SS AM SH Latvia Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Nymphalis antiopa borealis (Wnukowsky, 1927) CY NE
Nymphalis antiopa hyperborea (Seitz, 1914) USA
Kaniska canace (Linnaeus, 1763)
Kaniska canace charonides (Stichel, 1908) AM Japan
Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758)
Aglais urticae turcica (Staudinger, 1871) Azerbaijan
Aglais urticae turcicoides (Staudinger, 1901) Turkmenistan
Aglais urticae urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) (=eximia Sheljuzhko, 1919) FS RU UR WS SS AM Czechia Hungary Ukraine Crimea Lithuania Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan Uzbekistan China Korea IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3
Aglais urticae baicalensis (Kleinschmidt, 1929) SS CY NF KM
Aglais connexa (Butler, 1881)
Aglais connexa connexa (Butler, 1881) KU Japan
Aglais connexa ssp. SH
Aglais ladakensis (Moore, 1878) Ladakh
Aglais cashmirensis (Kollar, 1844)
Aglais cashmirensis nixa (Grum-Grshimailo, 1890) Tadzhikistan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Aglais milberti (Godart, [1819]) USA
Inachis io (Linnaeus, 1758)
Inachis io io (Linnaeus, 1758) UR WS SS Slovenia Hungary Latvia Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Inachis io caucasica (Jachontov, 1912) Azerbaijan
Inachis io geisha (Stichel, 1908) AM SH Japan
Vanessa (Cynthia) cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) RU CU UR WS SS MS AM KU Hungary Czechia Poland Ukraine Crimea Georgia Turkmenistan Tadzhikistan Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan China Japan
Vanessa (Vanessa) atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758) RU CU WS Ukraine Crimea Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Canada
Vanessa (Cynthia) kershawi (McCoy, 1868) Australia
Vanessa (Cynthia) annabella (Field, 1971) USA
Vanessa (Cynthia) carye (Hübner, 1812) Chile
Vanessa (Cynthia) virginensis (Drury, 1773) USA
Vanessa (Vanessa) indica (Herbst, 1794) SS AM KU Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Vanessa (Vanessa) vulcania Godart, 1819 Spain(Canares)
Bassaris itea (Fabricius, 1775) New Zealand
Symbrenthia hippoclus (Cramer, 1779) China
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758)
Arascnia levana levana (Linnaeus, 1758) (=vladimiri Kardakov, 1928) FS RU CU UR WS SS AM Czechia Slovakia Ukraine Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3
Araschnia levana obscura Fenton, 1881 AM SH
Araschnia burejana Bremer, 1861
Araschnia burejana burejana Bremer, 1861 AM SH IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Araschnia burejana strigosa Butler, 1866 KU Japan

Argynninae
Melitaeini
Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758)
Euphydryas maturna maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) RU UR Moldova Ukraine
Euphydryas maturna staudingeri (Wnukowsky, 1929) WS SS CY AM Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Euphydryas cynthia (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Euphydryas cynthia alpicola (Galvagni, 1918) France Suisse
Euphydryas cynthia leonhardi (Fruhstorfer, 1916 [1917]) Bulgaria
Euphydryas iduna (Dalman, 1816)
Euphydryas iduna inexpectata (Sheljuzhko, 1934) CU
Euphydryas iduna iduna (Dalman, 1816) FS MS
Euphydryas iduna sajana (O.Bang-Haas, 1930) SS Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Euphydryas iduna semenovi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1996 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS
Euphydryas iduna alferakyi Korshunov, 1996 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! CY NE NF KM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Euphydryas intermedia (Ménétriès, 1859)
Euphydryas intermedia altaica (Seitz, 1909) UR WS SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Euphydryas intermedia mongolica (Staudinger, 1909) SS NF
Euphydryas intermedia intermedia (Ménétriès, 1859) AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Euphydryas intermedia konumensis (Matsumura, 1927) AM
Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3
Euphydryas aurinia aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) RU CU Suisse Czechia
Euphydryas aurinia kricheldorffii Collier, 1933 Spain
Euphydryas aurinia beckeri (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) Spain
Euphydryas aurinia debilis (Oberthür, 1909) Spain Suisse
Euphydryas aurinia siberica (Staudinger, 1861) SS Kazakhstan
Euphydryas aurinia altivolans Tuzov, 2000 SS
Euphydryas aurinia sareptana (Staudinger, 1871) RU
Euphydryas davidi (Oberthür, 1881)
Euphydryas davidi davidi (Oberthür, 1881) SS Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Euphydryas davidi tjutjujensis Higgins, 1950 AM
Euphydryas orientalis (Herrich-Schsffer, 1845)
Euphydryas orientalis orientalis (Herrich-Schsffer, 1845) Armenia Azerbaijan
Euphydryas orientalis pellucida (Christoph, 1893) CU
Euphydryas desfontainii (Godart, 1819)
Euphydryas desfontainii baetica (Rambur, 1858) Spain
Euphydryas desfontainii zapateri Higgins, 1950 Spain
Euphydryas asiatica (Staudinger, 1881) (=alexandrina Staudinger, 1887) Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Euphydryas chalcedona (Doubleday, [1847]) USA
Euphydryas chalcedona wallacensis Gunder, 1928 USA
Euphydryas chalcedona sierra (W.G.Wrigt, 1905) USA
Euphydryas chalcedona hennei Scott, 19?? USA
Euphydryas editha (Boisduval, 1852) Canada
Euphydryas gillettii (Barnes, 1921) USA
Euphydryas anicia (Doubleday et Hewitson, [1848])
Euphydryas anicia eurytion (Mead, 1875) USA
Mellicta celadussa (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Spain France
Mellicta athalia (Rottemburg, 1775)
Mellicta athalia scardona (Fruhstorfer, 1910) Slovenia
Mellicta athalia caucasogenita (Verity, 1930) CU Armenia
Mellicta athalia athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) (=lucifuga Fruhstorfer, 1916) RU UR WS Finland Hungary Ukraine IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Mellicta athalia reticulata Higgins, 1955 SS Kazakhstan Mongolia
Mellicta athalia sajaskalpina (Verity, 1940) SS CY NE
Mellicta athalia hyperborea Dubatolov, 1997 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! NF KM
Mellicta ambigua (Ménétriès, 1859) SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Mellicta ambigua mandschurica (Fixsen, 1887) AM
Mellicta ambigua niphona (Butler, 1878) Japan
Mellicta parthenoides (Keferstein, 1851) Spain
Mellicta deione (Geyer, 1832) Spain
Mellicta varia (Meyer-Dur, 1851) France Suisse
Mellicta britomartis (Assmann, 1847)
Mellicta britomartis britomartis (Assmann, 1847) RU UR WS Kazakhstan
Mellicta britomartis amurensis (Staudinger, 1892) SS CY AM Kazakhstan Mongolia
Mellicta plotina (Bremer, 1861)
Mellicta plotina standeli Dubatolov, 1997 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! WS SS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Mellicta plotina pacifica (Verity, 1932) SS
Mellicta plotina plotina (Bremer, 1861) AM
Mellicta aurelia (Nickerl, 1850)
Mellicta aurelia aurelia (Nickerl, 1850) RU CU UR WS Hungary Crimea Kazakhstan
Mellicta aurelia albimacula (Wojtusiak et Niesiolowski, 1946) CU
Mellicta alatauica Staudinger, 1881 Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Mellicta menetriesi (Caradja, 1895)
Mellicta menetriesi westsibirica [Korshunov et Dubatolov], 1998 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! WS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Mellicta menetriesi ssp. SS Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan
Mellicta menetriesi centralasiae (Wnukowsky, 1929) SS AM Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4
Mellicta menetriesi rebeli (Wnukowsky, 1929) SS
Mellicta menetriesi kolymskya Higgins, 1955 NE NF
Mellicta menetriesi menetriesi (Caradja, 1895) KM
Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1779)
Melitaea didyma meridionalis Staudinger, 1870 Spain
Melitaea didyma didyma (Esper, 1779) RU France Austria Hungary Slovenia Crimea
Melitaea didyma ?variabilis Belter, 1934 Turkey
Melitaea didyma neera Fischer de Waldheim, 1840 RU UR WS SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Melitaea didyma turkestanica Sheljuzhko, 1929 Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Tadzhikistan Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan
Melitaea didyma ?shugnana Sheljuzhko, 1929 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea ?mixta Evans, 1912
Melitaea ?mixta problematica Sheljuzhko, 1929 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea ?mixta nadezhdae Sheljuzhko, 1912 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea latonigena Eversmann, 1847
Melitaea latonigena altaica Grum-Grshimailo, 1893 SS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4 pict.5 pict.6 pict.7
Melitaea latonigena ukoka Korshunov, 1998 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS
Melitaea latonigena atrata Higgins, 1935 SS
Melitaea latonigena latonigena Eversmann, 1847 SS CY Mongolia
Melitaea latonigena polaris Grum-Grshimailo, 1899 NE
Melitaea transcaucasica Turati, 1919 [1920] CU Armenia
Melitaea transcaucasica ssp. Turkmenistan
Melitaea persea Kollar, 1850
Melitaea persea caucasica Staudinger, 1861 Azerbaijan
Melitaea persea paphlagonia Fruhstorfer, 1917 Turkmenistan
Melitaea hafiz Higgins, 1941 Turkmenistan
Melitaea didymoides Eversmann, 1847
Melitaea didymoides didymoides Eversmann, 1847 SS AM Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Melitaea didymoides pekinensis Seitz, 1906 AM
Melitaea ala Staudinger, 1881
Melitaea ala ala Staudinger, 1881 Kazakhstan
Melitaea ala bicolor Seitz, 1907 Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea pseudoala Sheljuzhko, 1928 Uzbekistan
Melitaea chitralensis Moore, 1901
Melitaea chitralensis permuta Higgins, 1941 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea chitralensis enarea Fruhstorfer, 1916 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea chitralensis kotshubeji Sheljuzhko, 1929 Kyrghyzstan Tadzhikistan
Melitaea didymina Staudinger, 1895
Melitaea didymina didymina Staudinger, 1895 SS Mongolia
Melitaea didymina higginsi Sakai, 1978 "Northern Alai"?
Melitaea sutschana Staudinger, 1892
Melitaea sutschana transbaicalia Bryk, 1940 SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4
Melitaea sutschana sutschana Staudinger, 1892 AM
Melitaea acreina Staudinger, 1886 Uzbekistan
Melitaea lunulata Staudinger, 1901 Uzbekistan Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea fergana Staudinger, 1882
Melitaea fergana fergana Staudinger, 1882 Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea fergana grumi Churkin et Tuzov, 2000 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea fergana khantengri Churkin et Tuzov, 2000 Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea fergana ketmeana Lukhtanov, 1999 (=paradoxa Churkin et Tuzov, 2000) Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea fergana splendida Churkin et Tuzov, 2000 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea fergana vladislavi Churkin et Tuzov, 2000 Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea infernalis Staudinger, 1891 Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Melitaea ambrisia Higgins, 1935
Melitaea ambrisia avicaena Churkin, 2000 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea shandura Evans, 1924
Melitaea shandura pavlitzkayana Sheljuzhko, 1943 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea athene Staudinger, 1881 Kazakhstan
Melitaea lutko Evans, 1932
Melitaea lutko mimetica Higgins, 1940 Turkmenistan
Melitaea trivia (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) RU Hungary Czechia Slovakia Poland Ukraine
Melitaea trivia singularia Korshunov, 1995 HOLOTYPE! Mongolia
Melitaea robertsi Butler, 1880
Melitaea robertsi uvarovi P.Gorbunov, 1995 paratype! UR
Melitaea robertsi ssp. CU
Melitaea robertsi chorasana Ju.Ju.Stshetkin, 1984 Turkmenistan
Melitaea robertsi catapelia Staudinger, 1886 Turkmenistan Tadzhikistan
Melitaea robertsi nativa Tuzov, 2000 (=shugnana Ju.Ju.Stshetkin, 1984) Tadzhikistan
Melitaea romanovi Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Melitaea romanovi puella Higgins, 1941 SS Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Melitaea arduinna (Esper, 1784)
Melitaea arduinna arduinna (Esper, 1784) RU UR SS Kazakhstan
Melitaea arduinna evanescens Staudinger, 1886 Kyrghyzstan Uzbekistan Tadzhikistan
Melitaea avinovi Sheljuzhko, 1914 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Melitaea cinxia cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) RU UR WS France Crimea Kazakhstan
Melitaea cinxia tschujaca Seitz, 1909 SS CY Kazakhstan Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Melitaea cinxia clarissa Staudinger, 1901 Azerbaijan
Melitaea cinxia amardea Grum-Grshimailo, 1895 Turkmenistan
Melitaea minerva Staudinger, 1881
Melitaea minerva minerva Staudinger, 1881 Kyrghyzstan Tadzhikistan
Melitaea minerva palamedes Grum-Grshimailo, 1890 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea minerva ?balba Evans, 1912 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea elisabethae Avinoff, 1910 Tadzhikistan
Melitaea ?uitasica Wagner, 1913 Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan
Melitaea pallas Staudinger, 1886 Uzbekistan Kyrghyzstan Tadzhikistan
Melitaea asteroida Staudinger, 1881 (=clara Staudinger, 1887) Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea turanica Erschoff, 1874
Melitaea turanica turanica Erschoff, 1874 Tadzhikistan Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea baikalensis Bremer, 1861
Melitaea baikalensis minor Elwes, 1899 (=carmana Fruhstorfer, 1915) SS Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict. 2 pict.3
Melitaea baikalensis baicalensis Bremer, 1864 SS ?AM
Melitaea baikalensis ssp. NE
Melitaea jezabel Oberthür, 1896 China
Melitaea diamina (Lang, 1789)
Melitaea diamina badukensis Alberty, 1969 CU
Melitaea diamina hebe (Borkhausen, 1793) RU WS France Czechia
Melitaea diamina erycina Lederer, 1853 SS Kazakhstan
Melitaea diamina erycinides Staudinger, 1892 SS CY AM Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Melitaea protomedia Ménétriès, 1858 AM
Melitaea phoebe (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Melitaea phoebe phoebe (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) RU Spain France Bulgaria Crimea
Melitaea phoebe ottonis Fruhstorfer, 1916 Turkey Azerbaijan
Melitaea phoebe aetherea Eversmann, 1851 RU CU UR
Melitaea phoebe ornata Christoph, 1893 WS SS AM Mongolia
Melitaea phoebe saturata Staudinger, 1892 (=changaica Seitz, 1908) SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4
Melitaea phoebe tungusa Herz, 1898 CY
Melitaea sibina Alpheraky, 1881
Melitaea sibina sibina Alpheraky, 1881 Kazakhstan
Melitaea sibina aulicana Seitz, 1909 Kyrghyzstan
Melitaea aetherie (Hübner, 1826) Spain
Melitaea scotosia Butler, 1878
Melitaea scotosia butleri Higgins, 1940 AM Korea
Melitaea turkmanica Higgins, 1941 Turkmenistan
Melitaea vedica Nekrutenko, 1975 Armenia
Thessalia leonira (C. et R.Felder, 1860)
Thessalia leonira daviesi (Wind, 1947) USA
Chlosyne (Charidryas) palla (Boisduval, 1852) USA
Phyciodes tharos (Drury, [1773]) USA
Phyciodes campestris (Behr, 1863) USA

Argynnini
Proclossiana eunomia (Esper, 1799)
Proclossiana eunomia eunomia (Esper, 1799) UR Ukraine
Proclossiana eunomia riamia Korshunov et Ivonin, 1998 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! WS
Proclossiana eunomia ossianus (Herbst, 1800) FS UR WS MS
Proclossiana eunomia acidalia (Bober, 1812) (=asiatica Staudinger, 1901) SS CY NE NF AM Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Proclossiana eunomia stromi Korshunov, 1998 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS
Proclossiana eunomia triclaris (Hübner, [1821]) Canada
Clossiana selenis (Eversmann, 1837)
Clossiana selenis selenis (Eversmann, 1837) (=meinhardi Sheljuzhko, 1929) RU WS SS
Clossiana selenis sibirica (Erschoff, 1870)  (=festiva Krulikowsky, 1893; =onorensis Matsumura, 1925) SS CY NE AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Clossiana selene (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Clossiana selene selene (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) FS RU UR WS SS Sweden Finland Slvakia Ukraine Kazakhstan
Clossiana selene thalia (Hübner, 1790) (=hela Staudinger, 1861) RU UR WS NF KM
Clossiana selene sugitanii (Seok, 1938) (=chibiana Matsumura, 1927) AM
Clossiana selene myrina (Cramer, [1777]) USA
Clossiana selene tollandensis (Barnes et Benjamin, 1925) USA
Clossiana selene terraenovae (Holland, 1928) Canada
Clossiana selene albequina (Holland, 1928) Canada
Clossiana selene atrocostalis (Huard, 1927) Canada
Clossiana perryi (Butler, 1882) (=dilutior Fixsen, 1887) AM
Clossiana oscarus (Eversmann, 1844)
Clossiana oscarus oscarus (Eversmann, 1844) WS SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Clossiana oscarus oscaroides (Ménétriès, 1859) NF
Clossiana oscarus australis (Graeser, 1888) AM China
Clossiana angarensis (Erschoff, 1870)
Clossiana angarensis samkoi (Sheljuzhko, 1931) RU UR WS MS
Clossiana angarensis angarensis (Erschoff, 1870) (=alticola Sushkin et Tschetverikov, 1907; = herzi Wnukowsky, 1927) SS AM CY NE NF IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Clossiana euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758)
Clossiana euphrosyne euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) (=fingal Herbst, 1804; =nephele Herrich-Schäffer, 1846; =orphanus Fruhstorfer, 1907) FS RU UR WS SS CY NE NF AM France Finland Ukraine Kazakhstan Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Clossiana euphrosyne kamtschadalus (Seitz, 1908) KM
Clossiana hegemone (Staudinger, 1881)
Clossiana hegemone hegemone (Staudinger, 1881) (=erubescens Staudinger, 1901; =tienschanica Wagner, 1923) Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Clossiana hegemone houri Wyatt, 1961 Tadzhikistan
Clossiana hegemone tuzovi Churkin, 2002 Kyrghyzstan
Clossiana iphigenia (Graeser, 1888)
Clossiana iphigenia iphigenia (Graeser, 1888) AM
Clossiana iphigenia sachalinensis (Matsumura, 1908) SH Japan
Clossiana chariclea (Schneider, 1794)
Clossiana chariclea chariclea (Schneider, 1794) UR WS
Clossiana chariclea arctica (Zetterstedt, 1840) NF
Clossiana chariclea tshuktsha Dubatolov et Korshunov, 1998 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! NF KM
Clossiana chariclea butleri (W.H.Edwards, 1883) USA
Clossiana chariclea grandis (Barnes et McDunnough, 1916) Canada
Clossiana chariclea boisduvalii (Duponchel, [1823]) Canada
Clossiana titania (Esper, 1793)
Clossiana titania titania (Esper, 1793) France
Clossiana titania bivina (Fruhstorfer, 1909) RU UR WS SS
Clossiana titania staudingeri (Wnukowsky, 1929) (=altaica Seitz, 1908) SS
Clossiana freija (Thunberg, 1791)
Clossiana freija freija (Thunberg, 1791) (=jakutensis Wnukowsky, 1927) FS UR WS MS CY NE NF USA Canada
Clossiana freija pallida (Elwes, 1899) (=calais Fruhstorfer, 1916) SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Clossiana freija natazhati (Gibson, 1920) Canada
Clossiana frigga (Thunberg, 1791)
Clossiana frigga frigga (Thunberg, 1791) FS RU UR WS MS CY NE NF Finland
Clossiana frigga alpestris (Elwes, 1899) SS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3
Clossiana frigga maritima (Kardakoff, 1928) AM
Clossiana frigga saga (Staudinger, 1861) Canada
Clossiana improba (Butler, 1877)
Clossiana improba improba (Butler, 1877) UR WS MS NF Sweden
Clossiana improba youngi (Holland, 1900) USA
Clossiana dia (Linnaeus, 1767)
Clossiana dia dia (Linnaeus, 1767) FS RU UR WS SS France Czechia Crimea IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Clossiana dia alpina (Elwes, 1899) SS CY Kazakhstan
Clossiana dia semota Tuzov, 2000 SS NF Kazakhstan
Clossiana dia disconota (Krulikowsky, 1909) RU Kazakhstan
Clossiana dia calida (Jachontov, 1911) CU
Clossiana thore (Hübner, 1804)
Clossiana thore borealis (Staudinger, 1861) MS CY NE NF KM Sweden Finland IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Clossiana thore transuralensis (Sheljuzhko, 1931) UR WS
Clossiana thore herculea (Fruhstorfer, 1901) SS Mongolia
Clossiana thore hyperusia (Fruhstorfer, 1907) AM
Clossiana thore meridionalis (Kardakov, 1928) AM
Clossiana thore karafutonis (Matsumura, 1919) SH
Clossiana thore jezoensis (Matsumura, 19??)  Japan
Clossiana epithore (W.H.Edwards, 1864) USA
Clossiana bellona (Fabricius, 1775)
Clossiana bellona toddi Holland, 1928 USA
Clossiana tritonia (Bober, 1812)
Clossiana tritonia elatus (Staudinger, 1892) SS
Clossiana tritonia tritonia (Bober, 1812) SS
Clossiana tritonia amphilochus (Ménétriès, 1859) AM
Clossiana tritonia machati Korshunov, 1987 HOLOTYPE! UR
Clossiana tritonia dubatolovi Korshunov, 1987 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS
Clossiana tritonia ershovi Korshunov et P.Gorbunov, 1995 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! CY
Clossiana tritonia suntara [Korshunov et Dubatolov], 1998 SYNTYPES! NE
Clossiana tritonia tschukotkensis (Wyatt, 1961) NF USA
Clossiana tritonia distincta (Gibson, 1920) Canada
Clossiana tritonia astarte (Doubleday et Hewitson, 1848) USA
Clossiana matveevi P.Gorbunov et Korshunov, 1995 paratype! SS
Clossiana erda (Christoph, 1893)
Clossiana erda erda (Christoph, 1893) (=dulkeiti Kurentzov, 1970) SS CY NE NF AM
Clossiana erda kurenzovi (Wyatt, 1961) NF
Clossiana polaris (Boisduval, [1828])
Clossiana polaris polaris (Boisduval, [1828]) UR WS MS
Clossiana polaris americana (Strand, 1905) Canada
Clossiana polaris stellata (Masters, 1972) Canada
Yramea inca Staudinger, 1894 Peru
Boloria pales (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Boloria pales pyrenesmiscens (Verity, 1932) France
Boloria pales palustris (Fruhstorfer, 1909) France Suisse
Boloria pales pales (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) Austria
Boloria pales rilaensis Varga, 1971 paratypes! Bulgaria
Boloria aquilonaris (Stichel, 1908)
Boloria aquilonaris aquilonaris (Stichel, 1908) FS RU WS Sweden Finland Germany Belarus
Boloria aquilonaris banghaasi (Seitz, 1909) UR WS MS SS CY NE AM Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Boloria aquilonaris infans Churkin, 2000 NE NF
Boloria aquilonaris jakubovi P.Gorbunov, 2007 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! KM
Boloria (pales) aquilonaris roddi Kosterin, 2000 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS Kazakhstan
Boloria graeca (Staudinger, 1870)
Boloria graeca balcanica (Rebel, 1903) Bulgaria
Boloria caucasica (Lederer, 1852)
Boloria caucasica caucasica (Lederer, 1852) CU
Boloria caucasica petrovi Churkin, 2002 CU
Boloria sipora (Moore, 1875)
Boloria sipora generator (Staudinger, 1886) Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan
Boloria sipora korla (Reuss, 1926) Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Boloria sipora sipora (Moore, 1875) Tadzhikistan
Boloria napaea (Hoffmannsegg, 1804)
Boloria napaea napaea (Hoffmannsegg, 1804) France Suisse Sweden
Boloria napaea altaica (Grum-Grshimailo, 1898) SS Kazakhstan Mongolia IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3
Boloria napaea pustagi Korshunov et Ivonin, 1995 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS
Boloria napaea contaminata P.Gorbunov, 2007 paratypes! UR
Boloria napaea vinokurovi Dubatolov, 1992 HOLOTYPE! paratypes! NE
Boloria frigidalis Warren, 1944 SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4 pict.5
Boloria alaskensis (Holland, 1900)
Boloria alaskensis sedykhi Crosson du Cormier, 1977 UR
Boloria alaskensis sspp. FS WS MS SS CY NE KM NF
Boloria alaskensis alaskensis (Holland, 1900) USA Canada
Brenthis ino (Rottemburg, 1775)
Brenthis ino ssp. Slovenia
Brenthis ino ino (Rottemburg, 1775) RU Spain Finland Ukraine Crimea Kazakhstan
Brenthis ino ssp. CU
Brenthis ino trachalus (Fruhstorfer, 1916) Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan
Brenthis ino paidicus (Fruhstorfer, 1907) (=adalberti Fruhstorfer, 1916; =vitimensis Wnukowsky, 1929; =magadanica Kurenzov, 1970) UR WS SS CY NE NF Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Brenthis ino limpida (Krulikovsky, 1909) (=clara Staauginger, 1892) SS Mongolia
Brenthis ino siopelus (Fruhstorfer, 1907) KM
Brenthis ino amurensis (Staudinger, 1887) (=tarnis Fruhstorfer, 1919) AM Korea
Brenthis ino tigroides (Fruhstorfer, 1907) KU
Brenthis ino parvimarginalis (Nakahara, 1926) SH
Brenthis ino mashuensis Kono, 19?? Japan
Brenthis daphne (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Brenthis daphne daphne (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) (=epidaphne Fruhstorfer, 1907) RU UR WS SS Slovakia Bulgaria Ukraine
Brenthis daphne ochroleuca (Fruhstorfer, 1907) SS AM
Brenthis daphne iwatensis Okano, 1943 KU
Brenthis daphne rabdia (Butler, 1877) Japan
Brenthis hecate (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Brenthis hecate hecate (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) UR WS Bulgaria Crimea Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Brenthis hecate warren Kudrna, 1974 SS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Brenthis hecate transcaucasica (Wnukowsky, 1929) (=caucasica Staudinger, 1870) Azerbaijan
Brenthis hecate alaica (Staudinger, 1886) Uzbekistan Kyrghyzstan
Brenthis hecate latericia Tuzov, 2000 Tadzhikistan
Brenthis hecate tergemina Churkin et Zhdanko, 2002 Kyrghyzstan
Issoria (Kuekenthaliella) eugenia (Eversmann, 1847)
Issoria (Kuekenthaliella) eugenia montana (Bang-Haas, 1906) SS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4 pict.5
Issoria (Kuekenthaliella) eugenia eugenia (Eversmann, 1847) SS
Issoria (Kuekenthaliella) eugenia vega (Christoph, 1899) MS NE NF KM
Issoria (Kuekenthaliella) gemmata (Butler, 1881) Sikkim
Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) RU CU WS SSSpain Hungary Ukraine Crimea Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Fabriciana niobe (Linnaeus, 1758)
Fabriciana niobe niobe (Linnaeus, 1758) RU UR WS CY Sweden Ukraine Crimea
Fabriciana niobe taura (Rober, 1896) CU
Fabriciana niobe orgova (Teich, 1901) Armenia
Fabriciana niobe tekkensis (Christoph, 1872) Turkmenistan
Fabriciana niobe orientalis (Alpheraky, 1881) Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan
Fabriciana niobe ornata (Staudinger, 1901) Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Tadzhikistan
Fabriciana vorax (Butler, 1871)
Fabriciana vorax voraxides (Reuss, 1922) AM China
Fabriciana vorax changaica (Reuss, 1922) SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Fabriciana adippe (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Fabriciana adippe chlorodippe (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) Spain
Fabriciana adippe adippe (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) RU Bulgaria Ukraine
Fabriciana adippe gracilia (Fruhstorfer, 1910) RU Crimea
Fabriciana adippe chalciope (Jachontov, 1908) CU Azerbaijan
Fabriciana adippe jainadeva (Moore, 1864) Tadzhikistan
Fabriciana adippe tianshanica (Alpheraky, 1881) Kyrghyzstan Kazakhstan
Fabriciana adippe zarewna (Fruhstorfer, 1912) (=chrysodippe Staudinger, 1892) WS SS Kazakhstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1
Fabriciana adippe pallescens (Butler, 1873) ( =satakei Nakahara, 1926; =doii Matsumura, 1928) AM SH KU Japan
Fabriciana adippe xanthodippe (Fixsen, 1887)) China
Fabriciana nerippe (Felder, 1862)
Fabriciana nerippe coreana (Butler, 1882) AM Korea China
Argyreus hyperbius (Linnaeus, 1763) (=niphe Linnaeus, 1767) Japan China Taiwan
Speyeria aphroditae (Fabricius, 1787) USA
Speyeria cybele (Fabricius, 1775) USA
Speyeria idalia (Drury, [1773]) USA
Speyeria mormonia (Boisduval, 1869) USA
Mesoacidalia aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758)
Mesoacidalia aglaja aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758)  RU UR WS SS Lithuania Ukraine Crimea Kazakhstan
Mesoacidalia aglaja ottomana (Rober, 1896) Slovenia
Mesoacidalia aglaja borealis (Strand, 1901) CY NE NF
Mesoacidalia aglaja auxo (Jachontov, 1908) CU Azerbaijan
Mesoacidalia aglaja vitatha (Moore, 1874) Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan Tadzhikistan
Mesoacidalia aglaja kenteana (Stichel, 1901) (=graeseri Kardakov, 1928) SS AM Mongolia
Mesoacidalia aglaja fortuna (Janson, 1877) (=matsumurai Nakahara, 1926; =chishimensis Matsumura, 1928) SH KU Japan
Mesoacidalia alexandra (Ménétriès, 1832) Azerbaijan Turkmenistan
Argyronome laodice (Pallas, 1771)
Argyronome laodice laodice (Pallas, 1771) Latvia
Argyronome laodice japonica (Ménétriès, 1857) (=ussurica Kardakov, 1928; =produota Matsumura, 1929; =fletcheri Watkins, 1924) AM SH KU
Argyronome ruslana (Motschulsky, 1866)
Argyronome ruslana ruslana (Motschulsky, 1866) AM
Argyronome ruslana lysippe (Janson, 1877) KU Japan
Nephargynnis anadyomene (Felder, 1861)
Nephargynnis anadyomene ella (Bremer, 1864) AM
Nephargynnis midas (Butler, 1866) Japan
Pandoriana pandora (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Pandoriana pandora pandora (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775) CU Hungary Bulgaria Crimea
Pandoriana pandora transcaucasica (Moucha, 1967) Armenia
Pandoriana pandora pasargades (Fruhstorfer, 1908) Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Tadzhikistan Kazakhstan
Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Argynnis paphia paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) RU UR WS SS Chekhia/Slovakia Hungary Slovenia Lithuania Latvia Ukraine Crimea Kazakhstan Kyrghyzstan IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Argynnis paphia delila Rober, 1896 CU Armenia Azerbaijan
Argynnis paphia thalassata Fruhstorfer, 1908 WS SS
Argynnis paphia neopaphia Fruhstorfer, 1907 (=virescens Nakahara, 1926; geisha Hemming, 1934) AM SH KU Japan
Childrenia zenobia (Leech, 1890)
Childrenia zenobia penelope (Staudinger, 1891) AM
Damora sagana (Doubleday, 1847)
Damora sagana liana (Fruhstorfer, 1907) AM
Damora sagana paulina Nordmann, 1851 (=nordmanni Korshunov, 1984 HOLOTYPE! paratypes!) SS AM IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2
Damora sagana relicta (Korshunov, 1984) HOLOTYPE! paratypes! SS IMAGES IN NATURE: pict.1 pict.2 pict.3 pict.4 pict.5-9 pict.10
Damora sagana ilone (Fruhstorfer, 1907) Japan
Phalanta phalanta (Drury, [1773]) Thailand